[1] SETLOW P.Mechanisms which contribute to the long-term survival of spores of Bacillus species[J].Journal of Applied Microbiology,1994,76(Suppl.23):49S-60S.
[2] 管越强,周环,张磊,等.枯草芽孢杆菌对中华鳖生长性能、消化酶活性和血液生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2010,22(1):235-240.
[3] LEE S H,INGALE S L,KIM J S,et al.Effects of dietary supplementation with
Bacillus subtilis LS 1-2 fermentation biomass on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,cecal microbiota and intestinal morphology of weanling pig[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2014,188:102-110.
[4] SEN S,INGALE S L,KIM Y W,et al.Effect of supplementation of
Bacillus subtilis LS 1-2 to broiler diets on growth performance,nutrient retention,caecal microbiology and small intestinal morphology[J].Research in Veterinary Science,2012,93(1):264-268.

[5] YANG J J,XU Y Y,QIAN K,et al.Effects of chromium-enriched
Bacillus subtilis KT260179 supplementation on growth performance,caecal microbiology,tissue chromium level,insulin receptor expression and plasma biochemical profile of mice under heat stress[J].British Journal of Nutrition,2016,115(5):774-781.

[6] WANG X,FARNELL Y Z,PEEBLES E D,et al.Effects of prebiotics,probiotics,and their combination on growth performance,small intestine morphology,and resident
Lactobacillus of male broilers[J].Poultry Science,2016,95(6):1332-1340.

[7] HOSSAIN M M,BEGUM M,KIM I H.Effect of Bacillus subtilis,
Clostridium butyricum and
Lactobacillus acidophilus endospores on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,meat quality,relative organ weight,microbial shedding and excreta noxious gas emission in broilers[J].Veterinarni Medicina,2015,60(2):77-86.
[8] GONG Y,LI H,LI Y.Effects of
Bacillus subtilis on epithelial tight junctions of mice with inflammatory bowel disease[J].Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research,2016,36(2):75-85.

[9] ZHANG Z F,CHO J H,KIM I H.Effects of
Bacillus subtilis UBT-MO2 on growth performance,relative immune organ weight,gas concentration in excreta,and intestinal microbial shedding in broiler chickens[J].Livestock Science,2013,155(2/3):343-347.
[10] LAN R X,LEE S I,KIM I H.Effects of multistrain probiotics on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,blood profiles,faecal microbial shedding,faecal score and noxious gas emission in weaning pigs[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2016,doi:10.1111/jpn.12501.
[11] ZHANG J L,XIE Q M,JI J,et al.Different combinations of probiotics improve the production performance,egg quality,and immune response of layer hens[J].Poultry Science,2012,91(11):2755-2760.

[12] RIBEIRO V,Jr,ALBINO L F T,ROSTAGNO H S,et al.Effects of the dietary supplementation of
Bacillus subtilis levels on performance,egg quality and excreta moisture of layers[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2014,195:142-146.
[13] LI Y,XU Q,HUANG Z,et al.Effect of
Bacillus subtilis CGMCC 1.1086 on the growth performance and intestinal microbiota of broilers[J].Journal of Applied Microbiology,2016,120(1):195-204.

[14] HU Y L,DUN Y H,LI S N,et al.Effects of
Bacillus subtilis KN-42 on growth performance,diarrhea and faecal bacterial flora of weaned piglets[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2014,27(8):1131-1140.

[15] ZOKAEIFAR H,BABAEI N,SAAD C R,et al.Administration of
Bacillus subtilis strains in the rearing water enhances the water quality,growth performance,immune response,and resistance against Vibrio harveyi infection in juvenile white shrimp,
Litopenaeus vannamei[J].Fish & Shellfish Immunology,2014,36(1):68-74.

[16] DENG W,DONG X F,TONG J M,et al.The probiotic
Bacillus licheniformis ameliorates heat stress-induced impairment of egg production,gut morphology,and intestinal mucosal immunity in laying hens[J].Poultry Science,2012,91(3):575-582.

[17] MURUGESAN G R,ROMERO L F,PERSIA M E.Effects of protease,phytase and a
Bacillus sp. direct-fed microbial on nutrient and energy digestibility,ileal brush border digestive enzyme activity and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentration in broiler chickens[J].PLoS One,2014,9(7):e101888.
[18] LIU H,ZHANG J,ZHANG S H,et al.Oral administration of
Lactobacillus fermentum I5007 favors intestinal development and alters the intestinal microbiota in formula-fed piglets[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2014,62(4):860-866.

[19] 齐博,武书庚,王晶,等.枯草芽孢杆菌对肉仔鸡生长性能、肠道形态和菌群数量的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(6):1748-1756.
[20] LEI X J,PIAO X S,RU Y J,et al.Effect of
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens-based direct-fed microbial on performance,nutrient utilization,intestinal morphology and cecal microflora in broiler chickens[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2014,28(2):239-246.

[21] FORTE C,MOSCATI L,ACUTI G,et al.Effects of dietary
Lactobacillus acidophilus and
Bacillus subtilis on laying performance,egg quality,blood biochemistry and immune response of organic laying hens[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2016,100(5):977-987.

[22] SOBCZAK A,KOZ?OWSKI K.The effect of a probiotic preparation containing
Bacillus subtilis ATCC PTA-6737 on egg production and physiological parameters of laying hens[J].Annals of Animal Science,2015,15(3):711-723.
[23] WANG B G,XU H B,WEI H,et al.Oral administration of
Bifidobacterim bifidum for modulating microflora,acid and bile resistance,and physiological indices in mice[J].Canadian Journal of Microbiology,2014,61(2):155-163.
[24] LI W F,RAJPUT I R,XU X,et al.Effects of probiotic (
Bacillus subtilis) on laying performance,blood biochemical properties and intestinal microflora of Shaoxing duck[J].International Journal of Poultry Science,2011,10(8):583-589.

[25] MA Q G,GAO X,ZHOU T,et al.Protective effect of
Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 on egg quality,biochemical and histopathological changes in layers exposed to aflatoxin B1[J].Poultry Science,2012,91(11):2852-2857.

[26] HATAB M H,ELSAYED M A,IBRAHIM N S.Effect of some biological supplementation on productive performance,physiological and immunological response of layer chicks[J].Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences,2016,9(2):185-192.

[27] NEWAJ-FYZUL A,ADESIYUN A A,MUTANI A,et al.
Bacillus subtilis AB1 controls
Aeromonas infection in rainbow trout (
Oncorhynchus mykiss,Walbaum)[J].Journal of Applied Microbiology,2007,103(5):1699-1706.

[28] KHAN S H,ATIF M,MUKHTAR N,et al.Effects of supplementation of multi-enzyme and multi-species probiotic on production performance,egg quality,cholesterol level and immune system in laying hens[J].Journal of Applied Animal Research,2011,39(4):386-398.

[29] KIM C H,WOO K C,KIM G B,et al.Effects of supplementary multiple probiotics or single probiotics on the performance,intestinal microflora,immune response of laying hens and broilers[J].Korean Journal of Poultry Science,2010,37(1):51-62.

[30] PARK J H,KIM I H.The effects of the supplementation of
Bacillus subtilis RX7 and B2A strains on the performance,blood profiles,intestinal
Salmonella concentration,noxious gas emission,organ weight and breast meat quality of broiler challenged with
Salmonella typhimurium[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2015,99(2):326-334.

[31] GHEISAR M M,HOSSEINDOUST A,KIM I H.Effects of dietary
Enterococcus faecium on growth performance,carcass characteristics,faecal microbiota,and blood profile in broilers[J].Veterinarni Medicina,2016,61(1):28-34.

[32] STROMPFOVÁ V,MARCIÑÁKOVÁ M,SIMONOVÁ M,et al.
Enterococcus faecium EK13-an enterocin a-producing strain with probiotic character and its effect in piglets[J].Anaerobe,2006,12(5/6):242-248.
[33] BONSU F R K,DONKOH A,OSEI S A,et al.Effect of direct-fed microbial and antibiotics supplementation on the health status and growth performance of broiler chickens under hot humid environmental conditions[J].International Journal of Livestock Production,2012,3(6):66-71.
[34] ELZEY B D,TIAN J,JENSEN R J,et al.Platelet-mediated modulation of adaptive immunity:a communication link between innate and adaptive immune compartments[J].Immunity,2003,19(1):9-19.

[35] TELLI G S,RANZANI-PAIVA M J T,DE CARLA DIAS D,et al.Dietary administration of
Bacillus subtilis on hematology and non-specific immunity of Nile tilapia
Oreochromis niloticus raised at different stocking densities[J].Fish & Shellfish Immunology,2014,39(2):305-311.

[36] CHOI Y,GOEL A,HOSSEINDOUST A,et al.Effects of dietary supplementation of
Ecklonia cava with or without probiotics on the growth performance,nutrient digestibility,immunity and intestinal health in weanling pigs[J].Italian Journal of Animal Science,2016,15(1):62-68.

[37] 鲍延娥,汪攀,董晓芳,等.约氏乳杆菌对产蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和免疫机能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(3):595-602.