Effects of Backfat Thickness of Sows at the End of Gestation on Litter Performance and Placental Lipid Oxidative Metabolism

XU Tao, ZHOU Yuanfei, CAI Anle, WU Yinghui, PENG Jian

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.05.032

2017 , Vol. 29 >Issue 5: 1723 - 1729

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.05.032

Molecular Nutrition

Effects of Backfat Thickness of Sows at the End of Gestation on Litter Performance and Placental Lipid Oxidative Metabolism

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1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
2. The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China

Received date: 2016-11-15

Online published: 2017-05-13

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Abstract

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of backfat thickness of sows at the end of gestation on litter performance and placental lipid oxidative metabolism, and thus to explore the relationship between fat deposition and reproductive performance in gestational sows. At day 109 of gestation, the backfat thickness of 846 multiparous Large White sows was measured and the sows were divided into three groups on the basis of the backfat thickness: backfat thickness≤18 mm for the first group (192 sows), backfat thickness was 19 to 22 mm for the second group (265 sows), and backfat thickness≥23 mm for the third group (389 sows). The litter performance of sows was recorded, and the levels of lipids, oxidation products and antioxidant enzyme activities in placenta were determined. The results showed as follows: 1) although the total number of born, number born alive and mummy number were not significantly affected by the backfat thickness of sows at the end of gestation (P>0.05), but the stillbirth number, litter weight at birth, piglet weight at birth and placental efficiency were significantly affected (P<0.05). Sows of the second group had significantly higher litter weight at birth, piglet weight at birth and placental efficiency than those of the other two groups (P<0.05), and had significantly lower stillbirth number than that of the first group (P<0.05), but with no significant difference compared with the third group (P>0.05). It is noteworthy that the number of piglet with birth weight≤0.9 kg and the number of piglet with birth weight≤1.0 kg were also significantly affected by the backfat thickness of sows at the end of gestation (P<0.05). The number of piglet with birth weight≤0.9 kg and the number of piglet with birth weight≤1.0 kg of the third group were significantly higher than those of the other two groups (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the first and second groups, there were significant increases in the levels of triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), free fatty acid (FFA), malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the placenta of the third group (P<0.05). Moreover, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the placenta of the third group was significantly lower than that of the other two groups (P<0.05). 3) The level of ROS in the placenta had a significant negative correlation with the total number born, litter weight at birth and placental efficiency (P<0.05). Furthermore, a significant negative correlation was detected between the level of MDA in the placenta and total number born (P<0.05). Taken together, backfat thickness of sows at the end of gestation has a significant impact on litter performance. The backfat thickness of sows at the end of gestation is 19 to 22 mm to attain a high litter traits. When the backfat thickness≤18 mm, the stillbirth number is increased. Nevertheless, the backfat thickness≥22 mm promotes excessive placental lipid deposition, exacerbates the oxidative stress in the placenta.

Key words： gestational sow; backfat thickness; litter performance; placenta; lipid level; oxidative stress

Cite this article

XU Tao, ZHOU Yuanfei, CAI Anle, WU Yinghui, PENG Jian . Effects of Backfat Thickness of Sows at the End of Gestation on Litter Performance and Placental Lipid Oxidative Metabolism[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2017 , 29(5) : 1723 -1729 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.05.032

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