[1] ROSE W C,MCCOY R H,MEYER C E,et al.Isolation of the ""unknown essential"" present in proteins[J].Journal of Biological Chemistry,1935,109:10052-10053.
[2] 贾冬舒.苏氨酸市场现状及发展前景[J].饲料广角,2006(1):28-30.
[3] 王仁华,刘晓兰.苏氨酸的免疫功能及其在肉鸡生产中的应用研究[J].粮食与饲料工业,2012(3):54-56.
[4] 中华人民共和国农业部.NY/T 823-2004家禽生产性能名词术语和度量统计方法[S].北京:中国农业出版社,2004.
[5] ÇIFTCIi,CEYLAN N.Effects of dietary threonine and crude protein on growth performance,carcase and meat composition of broiler chickens[J].British Poultry Science,2004,45(2):280-289.

[6] KIDD M T.Nutritional consideration concerning threonine in broilers[J].World's Poultry Science Journal,2000,56:139-151.
[7] 王红梅,刘国华,陈玉林,等.日粮苏氨酸水平对0-3周龄肉仔鸡生长性能、血清生化指标及免疫机能的影响[J].中国家禽,2005,27(20):12-15.
[8] 张丽,侯水生,杨琳,等.1-14日龄北京鸭苏氨酸需要量的研究[J].饲料工业,2010,31(18):44-46.
[9] XIE M,ZHANG L,WEN Z G,et al.Threonine requirement of White Pekin ducks from hatch to 21 d of age[J].British Poultry Science,2014,55(4):553-557.

[10] 郭锋,张丽,侯水生,等.不同粗蛋白和苏氨酸水平对生长前期北京鸭羽毛发育的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2012,43(1):65-70.
[11] ZHANG Q,ZENG Q F,COTTER P,et al.Dietary threonine response of Pekin ducks from hatch to 14 d of age based on performance,serology,and intestinal mucin secretion[J].Poultry Science,2016,95(6):1348-1355.

[12] JIANG Y,UZMA M,TANG J,et al.Effects of dietary protein on threonine requirements of Pekin ducks from hatch to 21 days of age[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2016,217:95-99.
[13] ZHANG Q,XU L,DOSTER A,et al.Dietary threonine requirement of Pekin ducks from 15 to 35 days of age based on performance,yield,serum natural antibodies,and intestinal mucin secretion[J].Poultry Science,2014,93(8):1972-1980.

[14] 李俊明,贺强,袁超,等.苏氨酸的营养生理功能及其在畜禽日粮中的应用[J].中国饲料,2014(11):35-38.
[15] MAQBOOL U.饲粮蛋白质和苏氨酸对北京鸭生产性能和屠宰性能的影响[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院,2014.
[16] ABBASI M A,MAHDAVI A H,SAMIE A H,et al.Effects of different levels of dietary crude protein and threonine on performance,humoral immune responses and intestinal morphology of broiler chicks[J].Revista Brasileira de Ciência Avícola,2014,16(1):35-44.

[17] TAGHINEJAD-ROUDBANEH M,BABAEE M J,AFROOZIYEH M,et al.Estimation of dietary threonine requirement for growth and immune responses of broilers[J].Journal of Applied Animal Research,2013,41(4):474-483.

[18] BARKLEY G R,WALLIS I R.Threonine requirements of broiler chickens:why do published values differ?[J].British Poultry Science,2001,42(5):610-615.

[19] 张艳蕾.日粮苏氨酸水平对生长肉兔生长发育、免疫性能、血液生化指标以及蛋白质代谢的影响[D].硕士学位论文.泰安:山东农业大学,2011.
[20] 王红梅.0-6周龄肉仔鸡苏氨酸需要量的研究[D].硕士学位论文.杨林:西北农林科技大学,2005:75.
[21] 李建涛,蔡辉益,刘国华,等.免疫应激对肉仔鸡苏氨酸、赖氨酸需求比例的影响[J].中国家禽学报,2005,9(1):59-64.
[22] CORZO A,KIDD M T, DOZIER Ⅲ A,et al.Dietary threonine needs for growth and immunity of broilers raised under different litter conditions[J].The Journal of Applied Poultry Research,2007,16(4):574-582.

[23] ISAKSSON O G,JANSSON J O,GAUSE I A.Growth hormone stimulates longitudinal bone growth directly[J].Science,1982,216(4551):1237-1239.