Effects of Different Feed Patterns of Solid and Liquid Feed Ratios on Nutrient Metabolism and Rumen Fermentation of Pre- and Post-Weaning Calves

MA Junnan, DIAO Qiyu, QI Zhiguo, ZHOU Kaidi, YANG Chuntao, BI Yanliang, TU Yan

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.06.014

2017 , Vol. 29 >Issue 6: 1930 - 1939

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.06.014

Molecular Nutrition

Effects of Different Feed Patterns of Solid and Liquid Feed Ratios on Nutrient Metabolism and Rumen Fermentation of Pre- and Post-Weaning Calves

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1. Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
2. Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station of Beijing, Beijing 100110, China;
3. Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China

Received date: 2016-12-05

Online published: 2017-06-07

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Abstract

This experiment was conducted to search for a new way to wean for calves through evaluating the effects of different feeding patterns (solid and liquid feed ratios) on nutrient metabolism and rumen fermentation of pre- and post-weaning calves. Thirty-six Holstein bull calves aged 7 days were used and assigned to one of the three groups with 12 calves each. The nutritional ingredients in solid and liquid feeds in groups were the same. Three feeding patterns were set with similar total dry matter intake and verifying solid and liquid feed ratios. High liquid feed ratio (HL) group:solid and liquid feed ratio was kept at 1:2 during 28 to 56 days of age, and calves were weaned at 56 days of age. Control (LS) group:solid and liquid feed ratio varied from 1:2 to 1:1 during 28 to 56 days of age, and calves were weaned at 56 days of age. High solid feed ratio (HS) group:solid and liquid feed ratio varied from 1:2 to 1:0 during 28 to 42 days of age, and calves were weaned at 42 days of age. The trial lasted for 77 days. Rumen fluid was collected at 28, 42, 56 and 84 days of age, digestion and metabolism trials were conducted at 35 and 63 days of age, respectively. The results showed as follows:compared with HS group, metabolizability of GE of pre-weaning calves in HL and LS groups were higher, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05); compared with HL group, metabolizability of digestive energy, nitrogen utilization and energy and nitrogen biological value of post-weaning calves in HS group were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with HL group, microbial protein content in rumen fluid of calves at 84 days of age in HS group were significantly increased (P<0.05). The concentration of ammonia nitrogen was not impacted by groups (P>0.05). Total volatile fatty acid concentration and butyrate proportion in rumen fluid of calves at 84 days of age in HS group were significantly higher than those in HL group (P<0.05), and propionate and pentanoate proportions were not significantly affected (P>0.05). In conclusion, the increase of solid feed at proper ratio can help to improve rumen fermentation, increase microbial protein synthesis, and increase metabolizability of energy, nitrogen biological value and nitrogen utilization for post-weaning calves; under high solid feed feeding pattern, there is some advantages to wean at 42 days of age when solid feed intake reached 1.0 kg/d.

Key words： calf; solid and liquid feed ratio; microbial protein; nutrient metabolism; rumen fermentation

Cite this article

MA Junnan, DIAO Qiyu, QI Zhiguo, ZHOU Kaidi, YANG Chuntao, BI Yanliang, TU Yan . Effects of Different Feed Patterns of Solid and Liquid Feed Ratios on Nutrient Metabolism and Rumen Fermentation of Pre- and Post-Weaning Calves[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2017 , 29(6) : 1930 -1939 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.06.014

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