Effects of Diet with Low Copper Level and Adding Bacillus subtilis on Intestinal Development, Microbial Community Structure and Serum Enzyme Activity of Wulong Geese Aged from 5 to 16 Weeks

ZHANG Ming, YANG Wenjiao, ZHANG Ze, WANG Baowei, SHI Xueping, YUE Bin, GE Wenhua, ZHENG Huiwen

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.09.020

2017 , Vol. 29 >Issue 9: 3175 - 3183

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.09.020

Molecular Nutrition

Effects of Diet with Low Copper Level and Adding Bacillus subtilis on Intestinal Development, Microbial Community Structure and Serum Enzyme Activity of Wulong Geese Aged from 5 to 16 Weeks

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Nutrition and Feed Laboratory of China Agriculture Research System Qingdao, Institute of High Quality Waterfowl, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China

Received date: 2017-03-01

Online published: 2017-09-08

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Abstract

This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of diet with low copper level and adding Bacillus subtilis on intestinal development, microbial community structure and serum enzyme activity of Wulong geese aged from 5 to 16 weeks. A total of 360 twenty-nine-day-old Wulong geese were randomly divided into six groups with 6 replicates in each group and 10 geese in each replicate (half male and half female). Group Ⅰ was the most suitable copper adding group (the copper added level was 16 mg/kg and without Bacillus subtilis), and groups Ⅱ to Ⅵ were Bacillus subtilis adding groups, the Bacillus subtilis added level was all 250 mg/kg, and the copper added levels were 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 mg/kg, respectively. The trial period was 12 weeks. The results showed as follows:1) the villus height and ratio of villus height to crypt depth (V/C) in jejunum of groups Ⅱ to Ⅵ were significantly higher than those of group Ⅰ (P<0.01), and the crypt depth in jejunum was significantly lower than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05 or P<0.01); the intestinal wall thickness in jejunum of group Ⅲ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05). There were no significant differences on villus height, intestinal wall thickness and V/C in jejunum among groups Ⅱ to Ⅵ (P>0.05); the crypt depth in jejunum of group Ⅱ was significantly lower than that of groups Ⅴ and Ⅵ (P<0.05). 2) The number of Escherichia coli in cecum of groups Ⅱ to Ⅵ was significantly lower than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.01), and the number of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in cecum was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05 or P<0.01). There were no significant differences on the number of Escherichia coli, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in cecum among groups Ⅱ to Ⅵ (P>0.05). 3) The serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity of group Ⅳ was significantly lower than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05), the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum of group Ⅴ were significantly lower than those of group Ⅰ (P<0.05); the activities of ALT, AST and LDH in serum of group Ⅱ had no significant difference compared with those in group Ⅰ (P>0.05). The serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity of group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05), the serum AKP activity of group Ⅱ was significantly lower than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05). In conclusion, diet with low copper level and adding Bacillus subtilis can promote the intestinal development, and optimize the microbial community structure of Wulong geese; copper had less influence on intestinal development and microbial community structure of geese. The suitable adding level of Bacillus subtilis and copper can maintain the health of the body, and mutual has synergistic effect.

Key words： copper; Bacillus subtilis; geese; intestinal development; microbial community structure; enzyme activity

Cite this article

ZHANG Ming, YANG Wenjiao, ZHANG Ze, WANG Baowei, SHI Xueping, YUE Bin, GE Wenhua, ZHENG Huiwen . Effects of Diet with Low Copper Level and Adding Bacillus subtilis on Intestinal Development, Microbial Community Structure and Serum Enzyme Activity of Wulong Geese Aged from 5 to 16 Weeks[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2017 , 29(9) : 3175 -3183 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.09.020

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