Effects of Fatty Acids on Expression Levels of Genes Involved in Milk Protein and Milk Fat Synthesis in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

ZHANG Hua, LI Dabiao, XING Yuanyuan, SUN Mei

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.11.038

2017 , Vol. 29 >Issue 11: 4143 - 4150

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.11.038

Molecular Nutrition

Effects of Fatty Acids on Expression Levels of Genes Involved in Milk Protein and Milk Fat Synthesis in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

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College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China

Received date: 2017-04-18

Online published: 2017-10-31

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to explore combined supplemental model of short chain fatty acids (acetic acid, β-hydroxybutyric acid) and long chain fatty acids (oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid) to promote milk protein and milk fat synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs), to provide theoretical basis for the regulation of synthesis of milk composition. BMECs were separated and purified, and the second generation of cells was selected and divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates per group. No fatty acid was added in control group; in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ, the concentration radio of supplied acetate acid and β-hydroxybutyric acid was 2.0 (9.60 mmol/L):1.0 (4.80 mmol/L), however, the concentration radio of oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid was 2.0 (17.30 μmol/L):13.3 (115.05 μmol/L):1.0 (8.65 μmol/L) and 9.6 (75.20 μmol/L):7.4 (58.00 μmol/L):1.0 (7.80 μmol/L), respectively; in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ, the concentration radio of acetate acid and β-hydroxybutyric acid was 1.0:1.0, however, the concentration radio of oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid was 2.0:13.3:1.0 and 9.6:7.4:1.0, respectively. The total concentration of short chain fatty acids and long chain fatty acids was 14.541 mmol/L. After cultured for 24 h, relative growth rate (RGR), triglyceride (TAG) synthesis amount and expression levels of genes involved in milk protein and milk fat synthesis were measured. The results showed as follows:1) RGR and TAG synthesis amount of BMECs in experimental groups were significantly higher as comparing with control group (P<0.05); RGR and TAG synthesis amount were the highest in group Ⅰ. 2) Compared with control group, expression levels of ribosomal protein S6kinase (S6K1) and κ-casein (CSN3) genes in group Ⅱ were significantly increased (P<0.05); expression levels of CSN3, protein kkinase B(AKT), S6K1 and eukaryotic initiation 4E binding protein (4EBP1) gene in group Ⅳ was significantly increased (P<0.05); expression level of signal transduction and transcriptional activation factor 5 (STAT5) gene in experimental groups was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 3) Compared with control group, expression level of diacylgycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) gene in experimental groups was significantly increased (P<0.05), and expression level of fatty acid synthase (FASN) gene was significantly decreased (P<0.05). In conclusion, expression levels of genes involved in milk protein and milk fat synthesis has a better effect when culture medium is added with 7.20 mmol/L acetate acid, 7.20 mmol/L β-hydroxybutyric acid, 75.20 μmol/L oleic acid, 58.00 μmol/L linoleic acid, and 7.80 μmol/L linolenic acid.

Key words： bovine mammary; short chain fatty acid; long chain fatty acid; milk protein; milk fat

Cite this article

ZHANG Hua, LI Dabiao, XING Yuanyuan, SUN Mei . Effects of Fatty Acids on Expression Levels of Genes Involved in Milk Protein and Milk Fat Synthesis in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2017 , 29(11) : 4143 -4150 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.11.038

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