[1] JOHNSTON N L,QUARLES C L,FAGERBERG D J,et al.Evaluation of yucca saponin on broiler performance and ammonia suppression[J].Poultry Science,1981,60(10):2289-2292.

[2] 王亚军,王秀利.人参茎叶皂苷对肉仔鸡生长性能和屠体品质的影响[J].中国家禽,2007,29(10):38-40,41.
[3] 步长英.丝兰皂甙、芽孢杆菌对肉鸡生产性能、氮代谢和排泄物氨气散发量的影响[D].硕士学位论文.泰安:山东农业大学,2008:42-54.
[4] 章学东,汤丽萍,钱定海.苜蓿在养鸡生产中应用的研究进展[J].中国家禽,2007,29(23):36-39.
[5] SEN S,MAKKAR H P,BECKER K.Alfalfa saponins and their implication in animal nutrition[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,1998,46(1):131-140.

[6] CHEEKE P R.Biological effects of feed and forage saponins and their impacts on animal production[J].Advances in Experimental Medicine & Biology,1996,405:377-385.
[7] CHEEKE P R,PIACENTE S,OLESZEK W.Anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects of yucca schidigera:a review[J].Journal of Inflammation,2006,3(1):6.
[8] MILGATE J,ROBERTS D C K.The nutritional & biological significance of saponins[J].Nutrition Research,1995,15(8):1223-1249.

[9] RAO A V,GURFINKEL D M.The bioactivity of saponins:triterpenoid and steroidal glycosides[J].Drug Metabolism & Drug Interactions,2000,17(1/2/3/4):211-235.
[10] HEYWANG B W,THOMPSON C R,KEMMERER A R.Effect of alfalfa saponin on laying chickens[J].Poultry Science,1959,38(4):968-971.

[11] 侯永刚,陈辉,黄仁录,等.苜蓿皂甙对蛋鸡生产性能、屠体指标、胆固醇及血清脂质的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2009,45(17):30-33.
[12] DONG X F,GAO W W,TONG J M,et al.Effect of polysavone (alfalfa extract) on abdominal fat deposition and immunity in broiler chickens[J].Poultry Science,2007,86(9):1955-1959.

[13] 王长康,刘昊,邵良平.苜草素对蛋鸡生产性能和血液生化指标的影响[J].福建农业学报,2006,21(3):215-218.
[14] 侯永刚.苜蓿皂甙对蛋鸡生产性能、胆固醇及肠道主要菌群的影响[D].硕士学位论文.保定:河北农业大学,2009:19-27.
[15] ANDERSON J O.Effect of alfalfa saponin on the performance of chicks and laying hens[J].Poultry Science,1957,36(4):873-876.

[16] GVÇLV B K,I?CAN K M,UYANIK F,et al.Effect of alfalfa meal in diets of laying quails on performance,egg quality and some serum parameters[J].Archives of Animal Nutrition,2004,58(3):255-263.

[17] 张丽娜.苜草素对蛋鸡生产性能及其鸡蛋与组织脂质的影响[D].硕士学位论文.扬州:扬州大学,2010:16-19.
[18] SHIVAPRASAD H L,JAAP R G.Egg and yolk production as influenced by liver weight,liver lipid and plasma lipid in three strains of small bodied chickens[J].Poultry Science,1977,56(5):1384-1390.

[19] CICCONE N A,SHARP P J,WILSON P W,et al.Changes in reproductive neuroendocrine mRNAs with decreasing ovarian function in ageing hens[J].General and Comparative Endocrinology,2005,144(1):20-27.

[20] 李佳.苜蓿皂苷对蛋鸡胆固醇代谢影响[D].硕士学位论文.郑州:河南农业大学,2012:14-29.
[21] KHATKAR M S,SANDHU J S,BRAH G S,et al.Estimation of egg shell breaking strength from egg characteristics in layer chickens[J].Indian Journal of Poultry Science,1997,32:111-113.
[22] DENG W,DONG X F,TONG J M,et al.Effects of an aqueous alfalfa extract on production performance,egg quality and lipid metabolism of laying hens[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2012,96(1):85-94.

[23] TYLER C.Shell strength:its measurement and its relationship to other factors[J].British Poultry Science,1961,2(1/2/3):3-19.
[24] 王修启,郑海刚,安汝义,等.影响蛋壳质量的因素及改善措施[J].中国家禽,1999(7):39-40.
[25] 曲湘勇,中岛隆.天然着色剂提高蛋黄色泽度的比较研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,1999,35(2):29-31.
[26] 郭文凯,陈志峰,霍明东,等.籽鹅种蛋蛋重与蛋形指数对孵化效果影响的研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2016,43(10):2710-2715.
[27] 张慧君,李福林.蛋形指数对孵化效果的影响[J].北方农业学报,2008(2):65-66.
[28] 姜小雨,张子元,吴勇,等.蛋形指数蛋重及种蛋贮放对孵化率的影响[J].四川畜牧兽医,1991(2):16-17.
[29] 房兴堂,邹俊国.蛋型指数对孵化率的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,1992,5(1):5-6.
[30] 吴华东,吴志青,舒邓群.鸿雁蛋重和蛋形指数对种蛋孵化率影响的研究[J].江西畜牧兽医杂志,2010(5):14-15.
[31] KEANEY J F,Jr,VITA J A.Atherosclerosis,oxidative stress,and antioxidant protection in endothelium-derived relaning factor action[J].Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases,1995,38(2):129-154.

[32] CAMANDOLA S,POLI G,MATTSON M P.The lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxy-2,3-nonenal increases ap-1-binding activity through caspase activation in neurons[J].Journal of Neurochemistry,2000,74(1):159-168.
[33] 王成章,王彦华,史莹华,等.苜蓿皂苷对断奶仔猪脂质代谢、抗氧化和免疫的影响[J].草业学报,2011,20(4):210-218.
[34] 雒爱玲.苜蓿皂甙和大黄素对肉仔鸡生长性能、肉品质及胆固醇代谢影响研究[D].硕士学位论文.郑州:河南农业大学,2008:16-30.