Effects of Different Zinc Sources and Levels on Growth Performance, Serum Antioxidant Indices and Utilization of Trace Elements of Growing-Finishing Pigs

NIU Xianxiu, YANG Weiren, YUAN Xuejun, ZHANG Chongyu, XUE Feng, CHENG Zhenfeng, ZHANG Bensheng

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.03.042

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 3: 1162 - 1171

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.03.042

Molecular Nutrition

Effects of Different Zinc Sources and Levels on Growth Performance, Serum Antioxidant Indices and Utilization of Trace Elements of Growing-Finishing Pigs

Expand

Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China

Received date: 2017-09-07

Online published: 2018-03-05

Fold

Abstract

This experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of low levels of zinc methionine (Zn-Met) or zinc sulfate (ZnSO₄) on growth performance, serum antioxidant indices and utilization of trace elements to determine the appropriate level of zinc in diets for growing-finishing pigs, so that realize the high efficient utilization of resources, and reduce the environmental impact of zinc in excreta. Thirty-two growing-finishing pigs (Duroc×Landrace×Largewhite) with average weight of (33.70±2.76) kg were randomly divided into 4 groups with 8 replicates (1 pig per replicate). The control group was fed a basal diet, while experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 40 mg/kg Zn-Met, 40 mg/kg ZnSO₄ and 80 mg/kg ZnSO₄ (calculate by zinc), respectively. There was a 72-day experimental period including 2 stages of a growing period and a finishing period after 7-day adaptation. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group, there were no significant differences on average daily gain weight, average daily feed intake and feed to gain ratio of growing-finishing pigs with different zinc sources and levels (P>0.05). 2) Compared with the control group, dietary zinc sources and levels could significantly increase the activity of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathion peroxidase (GSH-Px) and copper and zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) (P<0.05), whereas could remarkably decrease the malondialdehyde (MDA) content (P<0.05) in serum of growing-finishing pigs. Besides, group with 40 mg/kg Zn-Met got the highest activity of T-SOD and GSH-Px and the lowest MDA content in serum, while the serum CuZn-SOD activity was increased with the addition of ZnSO₄, which was the highest in 80 mg/kg ZnSO₄ group. 3) Compared with the control group, dietary Zn-Met significantly increased the apparent absorptivity of zine, copper and manganese (P<0.05), while dietary ZnSO₄ only significantly increased the apparent absorptivity of zinc (P<0.05) which was decreased with the ZnSO₄ addition. Meanwhile, the apparent absorptivity of zinc in the 40 mg/kg Zn-Met group was the highest. It is concluded that both zinc sources and levels can't significantly promote the growth performance, but can significantly improve the serum antioxidant indices and apparent absorptivity of trace elements of growing-finishing pigs. Under this experimental conditions, the suitable ZnSO₄ supplementation level for growing-finishing pigs should be below 80 mg/kg, while 40 mg/kg Zn-Met gets a better effect.

Key words： organic zinc; growing-finishing pig; antioxidant; apparent absorptivity

Cite this article

NIU Xianxiu, YANG Weiren, YUAN Xuejun, ZHANG Chongyu, XUE Feng, CHENG Zhenfeng, ZHANG Bensheng . Effects of Different Zinc Sources and Levels on Growth Performance, Serum Antioxidant Indices and Utilization of Trace Elements of Growing-Finishing Pigs[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2018 , 30(3) : 1162 -1171 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.03.042

References

[1] 杨凤.动物营养学[M].2版.北京:中国农业出版社,2004.

[2] COUSINS R J,LIUZZI J P,LICHTEN L A.Mammalian zinc transport,trafficking,and signals[J].Journal of Biological Chemistry,2006,281(34):24085-24089.

[3] SUTTLE N.Mineral nutrition of livestock[M].Wallingford:CABI,2010.

[4] JAIN R B.Thyroid function and serum copper,selenium,and zinc in general U.S.population[J].Biological Trace Element Research,2014,159(1/2/3):87-98.

[5] CAO J,HENRY P R,GUO R,et al.Chemical characteristics and relative bioavailability of supplemental organic zinc sources for poultry and ruminants[J].Journal of Animal Science,2000,78(8):2039-2054.

[6] 杨维仁,魏茂莲,姜淑贞,等.猪微量元素添加量变化规律的研究[J].饲料工业,2014(3):1-4.

[7] MAVROMICHALIS I,HANCOCK J D,KIM I H,et al.Effects of omitting vitamin and trace mineral premixes and reducing inorganic phosphorus additions on growth performance,carcass characteristics and muscle quality in finishing pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,1999,77(10):2700-2708.

[8] SHELTON J L,SOUTHERN L L,LEMIEUX F M,et al.Effects of microbial phytase,low calcium and phosphorus,and removing the dietary trace mineral premix on carcass traits,pork quality,plasma metabolites,and tissue mineral content in growing-finishing pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2004,82(9):2630-2639.

[9] JAMES W H,PIERCE J L.猪断奶-屠宰的三大问题:生产、健康和环境[J].翟利利,译.养猪,2011(3):9-11.

[10] GOWANLOCK D W,MAHAN D C,JOLLIFF J S,et al.Evaluating the NRC levels of Cu,Fe,Mn and Zn using organic minerals for grower-finisher swine[J].Journal of Animal Science,2013,91(12):5680-5686.

[11] 文超越,李勇,邢伟刚,等.饲粮减少矿物元素对育肥猪生长性能、肉品质、血清生化指标以及骨骼肌矿物元素含量的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(2):597-604.

[12] 何正芳.金属(特种氨基酸)络合物对猪禽生产的作用[J].国外畜牧学(猪与禽),1993(1):12-15.

[13] 黄连莹,夏中生,蒋芳,等.饲粮不同锌源对生长育肥猪生产性能的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2013,45(10):47-50.

[14] 詹康,李艳,包文斌,等.复合氨基酸络合铁、锌对肥育猪生产性能和部分血液生化指标的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2014,45(5):769-774.

[15] 刘婉盈,邓波,徐子伟.不同锌源对生长肥育猪的生产性能和组织锌沉积的影响[C]//中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第十一次全国动物营养学术研讨会论文集.长沙:中国畜牧兽医学会,2012.

[16] DAVIS M E,BROWN D C,MAXWELL C V,et al.Effect of phosphorylated mannans and pharmacological additions of zinc oxide on growth and immunocompetence of weanling pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2004,82(2):581-587.

[17] 李妍,杨维仁,姜洪,等.微量元素的作用及其在养猪生产中的应用[J].中国畜牧兽医文摘,2016(1):227-228.

[18] CARLSON M S,BOREN C A,WU C,et al.Evaluation of various inclusion rates of organic zinc either as polysaccharide or proteinate complex on the growth performance,plasma,and excretion of nursery pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2004,82(5):1359-1366.

[19] DOTAN Y,LICHTENBERG D,PINCHUK I.Lipid peroxidation cannot be used as a universal criterion of oxidative stress[J].Progress in Lipid Research,2004,43(3):200-227.

[20] KONDOH M,KAMADA K M,KURONAGA M,et al.Antioxidant property of metallothionein in fasted mice[J].Toxicology Letters,2003,143(3):301-306.

[21] 赵昕红,李德发,田福刚,等.高锌和高铜对仔猪生长性能、免疫功能和抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,1999,4(1):91-96.

[22] 荔霞,刘永明,齐志明,等.锌对小鼠机体抗氧化酶活性及NO、MDA含量的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2008,29(5):65-68.

[23] 秦应和,徐振华,李福昌.日粮锌对肉兔生产性能、机体抗氧化酶和金属硫蛋白-1表达的影响[J].饲料研究,2009(12):57-58.

[24] 张彩英,胡国良,郭小权,等.日粮锌源和锌水平对断奶仔猪免疫功能和抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2011,31(9):1354-1357.

[25] 方洛云,邹晓庭,蒋林树,等.不同锌源对断奶仔猪免疫和抗氧化作用的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2005,25(2):201-203.

[26] 刘婉盈.不同锌源及水平对肥育猪生长性能、血液指标、组织沉积及胰脏MT mRNA表达的影响[D].硕士学位论文.杭州:浙江师范大学,2013.

[27] CAO G H,CHEN J D.Effects of dietary zinc on free radical generation,lipid peroxidation,and superoxide dismutase in trained mice[J].Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics,1991,291(1):147-153.

[28] COUDRAY C,RICHARD M J,LAPORTE F,et al.Superoxide dismutase activity and zinc status:a study in animals and man[J].Journal of Nutritional Medicine,2009,3(1):13-26.

[29] HAHN J D,BAKER D H.Growth and plasma zinc responses of young pigs fed pharmacologic levels of zinc[J].Journal of Animal Science,1993,71(11):3020-3024.

[30] LEE S H,CHOI S C,CHAE B J,et al.Effects of feeding different chelated copper and zinc sources on growth performance and fecal excretions of weanling pigs[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2001,14(11):1616-1620.

[31] LEESON S,CASTON L.Using minimal supplements of trace minerals as a method of reducing trace mineral content of poultry manure[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2008,142(3/4):339-347.

[32] ACDA S P,JW J,KIM W T,et al.Influence of a single dose of fe dextran administration with organic trace mineral supplementation on the performance of piglets[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2002,15(10):1469-1474.

[33] 贾久满,李成会,朱莲英.养猪场排泄物中微量元素减量排放技术研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2006(1):41-42.

[34] MATEOS G G,LAZARO R,ASTILLERO J R,et al.Trace minerals:what text books don't tell you[M]//TAYLOR-PICKARD J,TUKER L.Redefining Mineral Nutrition.Nottingham:Nottingham University Press,2005:41-43.

[35] 胡向东,洪作鹏,王敏奇.高剂量锌促进猪生长的研究进展[J].中国饲料,2004(7):8-10.

[36] OESTREICHER P,COUSINS R J.Copper and zinc absorption in the rat:mechanism of mutual antagonism[J].The Journal of Nutrition,1985,115(2):159-166.

[37] 刘丽娟,刘冬生.膳食中微量元素铁、锌、铜吸收利用的相互影响[J].环境卫生学杂志,1990(1):32-34.

[38] PAIK I,LEE H,PARK S.Effects of organic iron supplementation on the performance and iron content in the egg yolk of laying hens[J].The Journal of Poultry Science,2009,46(3):198-202.

[39] SK? IVAN M,SK? IVANOVÁ V,MAROUNEK M.Effect of various copper supplements to feed of laying hens on cu content in eggs,liver,excreta,soil,and herbage[J].Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,2006,50(2):280-283.

[40] 王丽.锌、铁对高脂老龄大鼠血脂及脂质过氧化的影响[D].硕士学位论文.石家庄:河北医科大学,2004.

Options

Outlines

模态框（Modal）标题

Abstract

Cite this article

References