[1] 徐昌芬,陈永珍,王晓冬.组织胚胎学[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2006:91-92.
[2] SPRATT R S,MCBRIDE B W,BAYLEY H,et al.Energy metabolism of broiler breeder hens.2.Contribution of tissues to total heat production in fed and fasted hens[J].Poultry Science,1990,69(8):1348-1356.
[3] SANSONETTI P.War and peace at mucosal surfaces[J].Nature Reviews Immunology,2004,4(12):954-964.
[4] 胡春红,张敏红,冯京海,等.偏热刺激对肉鸡休息行为、生理及生产性能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(7):2070-2076.
[5] 甄龙,石玉祥,张敏红,等.持续偏热环境对肉鸡生长性能、糖脂代谢及解偶联蛋白mRNA表达的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(7):2060-2069.
[6] 张少帅,甄龙,冯京海,等.持续偏热处理对肉仔鸡免疫器官指数、小肠形态结构和黏膜免疫指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(12):3887-3894.
[7] 彭骞骞,王雪敏,张敏红,等.持续偏热环境对肉鸡盲肠菌群多样性的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(1):186-194.
[8] DENG W,DONG X F,TONG J M,et al.The probiotic
Bacillus licheniformis ameliorates heat stress-induced impairment of egg production,gut morphology,and intestinal mucosal immunity in laying hens[J].Poultry Science,2012,91(3):575-582.
[9] SONG J,XIAO K,KE Y L,et al.Effect of a probiotic mixture on intestinal microflora,morphology,and barrier integrity of broilers subjected to heat stress[J].Poultry Science,2014,93(3):581-588.
[10] AL-FATAFTAH A R,ABDELQADER A.Effects of dietary
Bacillus subtilis on heat-stressed broilersperformance,intestinal morphology and microfloracomposition[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2014,198:279-285
[11] MITCHELL M A,CARLISLE A J.The effect of chronic exposure to elevated environmental temperature on intestinal morphology and nutrient absorption in the domestic fowl (
Gullus domesticus)[J].Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A:Physiology,1992,101(1):137-142.
[12] LIU F,YIN J,DU M,et al.Heat-stress-induced damage to porcine small intestinal epithelium associated with downregulation of epithelial growth factor signaling[J].Journal of Animal Science,2009,87(6):1941-1949.
[13] YU J,YIN P,LIU F H,et al.Effect of heat stress on the porcine small intestine:a morphological and gene expression study[J].Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A:Molecular & Integrative Physiology,2010,156(1):119-128.
[14] PEARCE S C,MANI V,WEBER T E,et al.Heat stress and reduced plane of nutrition decreases intestinal integrity and function in pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2013,91(11):5183-5193.
[15] QUINTERIRO-FILHO W M,RIBEIRO A,FERRAZ-DE-PAULA V,et al.Heat s stress impairs performance parameters,induces intestinal injury,and decreases macrophage activity in broiler chickens[J].Poultry Science,2010,89(9):1905-1914.
[16] BURKHOLDER K M,THOMPSON K L,EINSTEIN M E,et al.Influence of stressors on normal intestinal microbiota,intestinal morphology,and susceptibility to
Salmonella enteritidis colonization in broilers[J].Poultry Science,2008,87(9):1734-1741.
[17] HAO Y,GU X H,WANG X L.Overexpression of heat shock protein 70 and its relationship to intestine under acute heat stress in broilers:1.Intestinal structure and digestive function[J].Poultry Science,2012,91(4):781-789.
[18] GARRIGA C,HUNTER R R,AMAT C,et al.Heat stress increases apical glucose transport in the chicken jejunum[J].American Journal of Physiology Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology,2006,290(1):R195-R201.
[19] YU J,YIN P,YIN J D,et al.Involvement of ERK1/2 signalling and growth-related molecules' expression in response to heat stress-induced damage in rat jejunum and IEC-6 cells[J].International Journal of Hyperthermia,2010,26(6):538-555.
[20] YAMAUCHI K E,YAMAMOTO K,ISHIKI Y.Morphological alterations of the intestinal villi and absorptive epithelial cells in each intestinal part in fasted chickens[J].Japanese Poultry Science,1995,32(4):241-251.
[21] XU Z R,HU C H,XIA M S,et al.Effects of dietary fructooligosaccharide on digestive enzyme activities,intestinal microflora and morphology of male broilers[J].Poultry Science,2003,82(6):1030-1036.
[22] 黄淑成,张义博,黄永宣,等.热应激对肉鸡血清内毒素含量和肝脏中
TLR4 mRNA表达的影响[J].中国兽医杂志,2015,51(12):27-29,32.
[23] HALL D M,BUETTNER G R,OBERLEY L W,et al.Mechanisms of circulatory and intestinal barrier dysfunction during whole body hyperthermia[J].American Journal of Physiology Heart and Circulatory Physiology,2001,280(2):H509-H521.
[24] LIM C L,WILSON G,BROWN L,et al.Pre-existing inflammatory state compromises heat tolerance in rats exposed to heat stress[J].American Journal of Physiology Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology,2007,292(1):R186-R194.
[25] DUBOSE D A,BALCIUS J,MOREHOUSE D.Heat stress and/or endotoxin effects on cytokine expression by human whole blood[J].Shock,2002,17(3):217-221.
[26] MANI V,WEBER T E,BAUMGARD L H,et al.Growth and development symposium:endotoxin,inflammation and intestinal function in livestock[J].Journal of Animal Science,2012,90(5):1452-1465.
[27] BOUCHAMA A,PARHAR R S,EL-TAZIGI A,et al.Endotoxemia and release of tumor necrosis factor and interleukin 1 alpha in acute heatstroke[J].Journal of Applied Physiology,1991,70(6):2640-2644.
[28] LAMBERT G P,GISOLFI C V,BERG D J,et al.Selected contribution:hyperthermia-induced intestinal permeability and the role of oxidative and nitrosative stress[J].Journal of Applied Physiology,2002,92(4):1750-1761.
[29] PEARCE S C,MANI V,BODDICKER R L,et al.Heat stress reduces barrier function and alters intestinal metabolism in growing pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2012,90(4S):257-259.
[30] DOKLADNY K,MOSELEY P L,MA T Y.Physiologically relevant increase in temperature causes an increase in intestinal epithelial tight junction permeability[J].American Journal of Physiology Gastrointestinal of Liver Physiology,2006,290(2):G204-G212.
[31] SANTOS J,BENJAMIN M,YANG P C,et al.Chronic stress impairs rat growth and jejunal epithelial barrier function:role of mast cell[J].American Journal of Physiology Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology,2000,278(6):G847-G854.
[32] SÖDERHOLM J D,PERDUE M H.Stress and the gastrointestinal tract Ⅱ.Stress and intestinal barrier function[J].American Journal of Physiology Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology,2001,280(1):G7-G13.
[33] IKARI A,NAKANO M,SUKETA Y,et al.Reorganization of ZO-1 by sodium-dependent glucose transporter activation after heat stress in LLC-PK1 cells[J].Journal of Cellular Physiology,2005,203(3):471-478.
[34] DOKLADNY K,YE D M,KENNEDY J C,et al.Cellular and molecular mechanisms of heat stress-induced up-regulation of occludin protein expression:regulatory role of heat shock factor-1[J].The American Journal Pathology,2008,172(3):659-670.
[35] TURNER J R,RILL B K,CARLSON S L,et al.Physiological regulation of epithelial tight junctions is associated with myosin light-chain phosphorylation[J].American Journal of Physiology Cell Physiology,1997,273(4):C1378-C1385.
[36] MORIEZ R,SALVADOR-CARTIER C,THEODOROU V,et al.Myosin light chain kinase is involved in lipopolysaccharide-induced disruption of colonic epithelial barrier and bacterial translocation in rats[J].The American Journal of Pathology,2005,167(4):1071-1079.
[37] YANG P C,HE S H,ZHENG P Y.Investigation into the signal transduction pathway via which heat stress impairs intestinal epithelial barrier function[J].Journal of Gastroenterology and Heptaology,2007,22(11):1823-1831.
[38] LAMBERT G P.Stress-induced gastrointestinal barrier dysfunction and its inflammatory effects[J].Journal of Animal Science,2009,87(14S):E101-E108.
[39] QUINTEIRO-FILHO W M,CALEFIA A S,CRUZA D S G,et al.Heat stress decreases expression of the cytokines,avian defensins 4 and 6 and Toll-like receptor 2 in broiler chickens infected with
Salmonella enteritidis[J].Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology,2017,186:19-28.
[40] QUINTEIRO-FILHO W M,GOMES A V S,PINHEIRO M L,et al.Heat stressimpairs performance and induces intestinal inflammation in broiler chickens infected with
Salmonella enteritidis[J].Avian Pathology,2012,41(5):421-427.
[41] JOHNSON R W.Inhibition of growth by pro-inflammatory cytokines:an integrated view[J].Journal of Animal Science,1997,75(5):1244-1255.
[42] SPURLOCK M E.Regulation of metabolism and growth during immune challenge:an overview of cytokine function[J].Journal of Animal Science,1997,75(7):1773-1783.
[43] 张彩霞,陈文,黄艳群,等.限饲对哈巴德肉鸡肠道结构的影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2010,32(4):677-682.
[44] 刘路路,祁东风,闫冰雪,等.能量限制对三黄鸡补偿生长及肠道结构的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(1):92-101.
[45] YAMAUCHI K,KAMISOYAMA H,ISSHIKI Y.Effects of fasting and refeeding on structures of the intestinal villu and epithelial cell in White Leghorn hens[J].British Poultry Science,1996,37(5):909-921.
[46] NUÑEZ M C,BUENO J D,AYUDARTE M V,et al.Dietary restriction induces biochemical and morphometric changes in the small intestine of nursing piglets[J].The Journal of Nutrition,1996,126(4):933-944.
[47] FERRARIS R P,CAREY H V.Intestinal transport during fasting and malnutrition[J].Annual Review of Nutrition,2000,20(1):195-219.
[48] ROWELL L B.Human cardiovascular adjustments to exercise and thermal stress[J].Physiology Reviews,1974,54(1):75-159.
[49] 余进.猪和大鼠小肠黏膜热应激损伤修复机制的研究[D].硕士学位论文.北京:北京农学院,2010.
[50] 李永洙,陈常秀,金泽林,等.热应激环境下育成鸡肠道菌群多样性及黏膜结构的相关性分析[J].中国农业大学学报,2016,21(1):71-80.
[51] SUZUKI K,HARASAWA R,YOSHITAKE Y,et al.Effects of crowding and heat stress on intestinal flora,body weight gain,and feed efficiency of growing rats and chicks[J].The Japanese Journal of Veterinary Science,1983,45(3):331-338.
