Milk Somatic Cell Classification and Changes in Lactation Performance of Dairy Cows under Different Somatic Cell Counts

WANG Yue, JIANG Linshu, XIONG Benhai

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.04.018

Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 4: 1353 - 1366

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.04.018

Molecular Nutrition

Milk Somatic Cell Classification and Changes in Lactation Performance of Dairy Cows under Different Somatic Cell Counts

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1. Key Laboratory of Dairy Nutrition in Beijing, College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing Agricultural College, Beijing 102206, China;
2. Beijing Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China

Received date: 2017-10-18

Online published: 2018-04-03

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate lactation performance of dairy cows by studying the characteristics of somatic cell classification under different milk somatic cell counts (SCC). A total of 102 Holstein dairy cows were selected for milk sample collection and tested for SCC, milk production and milk composition. According to the results of SCC test, 102 samples were divided into three groups, which were low SCC group (SCC<100 000 cells/mL), medium SCC group (SCC was 100 000 to 400 000 cells/mL) and high SCC group (SCC>400 000 cells/mL). The proportion of lymphocytes, macrophages and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) were detected by flow cytometry. The total number of bacteria in milk samples was counted by standard plate count method, and the bacterial species in milk samples were classified and identified by bacterial routine identification method. The results showed as follows:1) The proportion of lymphocytes was 89.43% when SCC was between 13 000 and 76 000 cells/mL in the range of SCC<100 000 cells/mL, which was the main cell population in healthy breast. When the SCC increased to 76 000 to 100 000 cells/mL, the proportion of PMN significantly increased (P<0.01), reached 79.68%, and became the main cell population in the breast, indicating that early inflammation has begun to occur. When SCC>200 000 cells/mL, the proportion of PMN was positively correlated with SCC; the proportion of lymphocytes was negatively correlated with SCC; there was no significant correlation between the proportion of macrophages and SCC. 2) The main pathogens identified were Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS), Streptococcus agalactiae, etc.; secondary pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus, Lactococcus lactis and so on. The proportion of PMN in the milk samples of the major pathogens (48.93%) was significantly higher than that of the non-pathogens (17.23%) (P<0.01), and was significantly higher than that of the secondary pathogens (P<0.05). 3) Milk yield of cows infected with contagious pathogens decreased significantly (P<0.05), and casein/milk protein and lactose content decreased significantly (P<0.05); in culture-negative milk samples, casein and lactose contents were significantly reduced in medium SCC (10 000 to 40 000 cells/mL) and high SCC (SCC>40 000 cells/mL) milk samples (P<0.05), and milk protein content was significantly reduced in high SCC (SCC>40 000 cells/mL) milk samples (P<0.05). From this, it can be seen that somatic cell classification can be used to make a more detailed analysis for mammary gland health status of dairy cows, especially early onset of inflammation in low-SCC milk. The incidence of early breast inflammation is significantly lower than the currently accepted threshold for healthy breast milk (<100 000 cells/mL), and CNS may be a potential pathogen for early breast inflammation. In bacterial culture-negative milk samples, inflammation leads to a significant decrease in casein/milk protein and lactose content in high SCC milk.

Key words： dairy cows; somatic cell count; somatic cell classification; breast health

Cite this article

WANG Yue, JIANG Linshu, XIONG Benhai . Milk Somatic Cell Classification and Changes in Lactation Performance of Dairy Cows under Different Somatic Cell Counts[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2018 , 30(4) : 1353 -1366 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.04.018

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