Effects of Weaning at 21 Days of Age on Intestinal Morphology, Permeability and Mucosal Barrier of Piglets

XIA Bing, MENG Qingshi, XIE Jingjing, WU Weida, FENG Xiaohui, TANG Xiangfang, ZHANG Hongfu

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.06.012

Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 6: 2097 - 2108

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.06.012

Molecular Nutrition

Effects of Weaning at 21 Days of Age on Intestinal Morphology, Permeability and Mucosal Barrier of Piglets

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State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China

Received date: 2017-11-27

Online published: 2018-06-20

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Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of weaning at 21 days of age on intestinal morphology, permeability and mucosal barrier of piglets. According to 2×3 double-factor completely randomized test design, groups (nursing group and weaning group) and days of age (22, 24 and 28 days of age) as the two main factors. Healthy Yorkshire piglets with similar body condition were selected from 6 litters, and 6 piglets with average body weight of (6.1±0.2) kg were selected from each litter and assigned to 2 groups (nursing group and weaning group) with 18 piglets per group. Piglets were slaughtered at 22, 24 and 28 days of age, respectively, and growth performance, intestinal morphology, permeability and mucosal barrier were measured. The results showed as follows:1) the final body weight and average daily gain of piglets in weaning group were significantly lower than that in nursing group at 28 days of age (P<0.01). 2) There were significant interactions of group and days of age on crypt depth and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (V/C) of jejunum and villus height of ileum of piglets (P<0.01). Crypt depth of jejunum and ileum in weaning group was significantly higher than that in nursing group (P<0.01), and villus height and V/C of jejunum and ileum in weaning group were significantly lower than that in nursing group (P<0.01). V/C of jejunum in nursing group at 28 days of age was significantly higher than that at 22 and 24 days of age (P<0.01), and villus height of ileum at 24 days of age was significantly higher than that at 22 days of age (P<0.01). 3) There was significant interaction of group and days of age on the activity of diamine oxidase (DAO) of jejunal mucosa of piglets (P<0.05), and the activity of DAO of jejunal and ileal mucosa in weaning group was significantly lower than that of nursing group (P<0.05). 4) There was significant interaction of group and days of age on the mRNA expression of occludin of jejunal mucosa of piglets (P<0.01). The mRNA expression of occludin of jejunal mucosa in nursing group and zonuls occludens (ZO-1) of jejunal mucosa increased first and then decreased with the increasing of days of age (P<0.05). The mRNA expression of occludin of jejunal mucosa at 24 days of age and ZO-1 and occludin of ileal mucosa in weaning group were significantly lower than that in nursing group (P<0.05), and the mRNA expression of ZO-1 of ileal mucosa at 24 days of age was significantly higher than that at 22 days of age (P<0.05). 5) There was significant interaction of group and days of age on the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) of jejunal mucosa of piglets (P<0.05). The mRNA expression of TNF-α of jejunal mucosa at 24 and 28 days of age in weaning group was significantly higher than that in nursing group (P<0.05), and the mRNA expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10) of jejunal mucosa was significantly lower than that in nursing group (P<0.05). The mRNA expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) of ileal mucosa was decreased with the increasing of days of age (P<0.05). In conclusion, the intestinal development of nursing piglets becomes mature from 22 to 28 days of age, but weaning breaks the structure of intestinal epithelial cell of piglets and mRNA expression of tight junction proteins, causes intestinal villus shorted and fell off, intestinal permeability increased, inflammatory response and average daily gain decreased.

Key words： weaning piglets; intestinal morphology; intestinal permeability; intestinal macosal barrier

Cite this article

XIA Bing, MENG Qingshi, XIE Jingjing, WU Weida, FENG Xiaohui, TANG Xiangfang, ZHANG Hongfu . Effects of Weaning at 21 Days of Age on Intestinal Morphology, Permeability and Mucosal Barrier of Piglets[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2018 , 30(6) : 2097 -2108 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.06.012

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