Effects of Different Dietary Compositions on Performance, Blood Biochemical Parameters, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Emissions of Lactating Holstein Cows

ZHAO Ruohan, LI Lian, HAN Zhaoyu, YANG Fangxiao, WANG Genlin

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.06.018

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 6: 2155 - 2163

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.06.018

Molecular Nutrition

Effects of Different Dietary Compositions on Performance, Blood Biochemical Parameters, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Emissions of Lactating Holstein Cows

Expand

College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China

Received date: 2017-11-29

Online published: 2018-06-20

Fold

Abstract

In order to control emissions of nitrogen and phosphorus in feces and urine of dairy cows without effects on performance, this study investigate the effects of reduction of dietary nitrogen and phosphorus or using compound additives on production performance, blood biochemical parameters, and nitrogen and phosphorus emissions of lactating Holstein cows. Thirty-six lactating Holstein cows were randomly selected and divided into 3 groups with 12 cows per group. Cows in control (CR) group were fed the original diet in farm, those in low protein and phosphorus group (LPP) group were fed an experimental diet which had 0.70% and 0.03% lower protein and phosphorus than the original diet in farm, and those in compound additive group (CA) group were fed the original diet in farm and compound additives (composed of active yeast, enzyme preparation and organic zinc). The pre-test lasted for 7 d, and the formal test lasted for 30 d. The results showed as follows:there were no significant differences of milk yield, dry matter intake and milk composition (P>0.05); compared with CR group, apparent digestibility of acid detergent fiber and phosphorus were increased by 73.12% and 42.94%(P<0.05), respectively; compared with CR group, emissions of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in LPP group were decreased by 9.11% and 26.34% (P<0.05), respectively, and those in CA group were decreased by 16.35% and 16.10% (P<0.05), respectively; blood aspartate aminotransferase (ALT) activity and phosphorus content in CA group were significantly higher than those in CR group (P<0.05), while blood biochemical parameters in CR group and LPP group were not significantly different (P>0.05). Under the condition of normal nutritional requirements are satisfied, appropriately controlling nitrogen and phosphorus intakes of cows, or using the compound additives can reduce the emission of nitrogen and phosphorus.

Key words： lactating Holstein cows; milk performance; blood biochemical parameters; nitrogen and phosphorus emissions

Cite this article

ZHAO Ruohan, LI Lian, HAN Zhaoyu, YANG Fangxiao, WANG Genlin . Effects of Different Dietary Compositions on Performance, Blood Biochemical Parameters, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Emissions of Lactating Holstein Cows[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2018 , 30(6) : 2155 -2163 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.06.018

References

[1] 刘建新,李珊珊,张彬,等.改善奶牛氮磷利用效率的营养策略[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(10):3129-3134.

[2] 付春丽,王瑞宁,傅彤,等.降低奶牛氮排放的营养调控措施[J].家畜生态学报,2012,33(4):96-101.

[3] 柏兆海.我国主要畜禽养殖体系资源需求、氮磷利用和损失研究[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业大学2015.

[4] 王笑笑,李若玺,梅洋,等.影响反刍动物氮素利用效率和排放的营养实践[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(10):3042-3050.

[5] 红敏,赵瑞霞,高民,等.不同饲养模式下乳牛粪尿中氮磷排放量的研究[J].饲料工业,2012,33(11):48-51.

[6] 张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].2版.北京:中国农业大学出版社,2003.

[7] MERTENS D R.Creating a system for meeting the fiber requirements of dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1997,80(7):1463-1481.

[8] 李国林.规模化奶牛场产排污系数、污水存贮及土地消纳量相关技术参数研究[D].硕士学位论文.泰安:山东农业大学,2014.

[9] 翟少伟.日粮蛋白质摄入量对泌乳奶牛氮排泄量的影响[J].中国奶牛,2009(8):56-59.

[10] COLMENERO J J O,BRODERICK G A.Effect of dietary crude protein concentration on milk production and nitrogen utilization in lactating dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2006,89(5):1704-1712.

[11] WANG C,LIU J X,YUAN Z P,et al.Effect of level of metabolizable protein on milk production and nitrogen utilization in lactating dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2007,90(6):2960-2965.

[12] POPPY G D,RABIEE A R,LEAN I J,et al.A meta-analysis of the effects of feeding yeast culture produced by anaerobic fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on milk production of lactating dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2012,95(10):6027-6041.

[13] 王玲,吕永艳,程志伟,等.复合酵母培养物对奶牛产奶性能、氮排放及血液生化指标的影响[J].草业学报,2015,24(12):121-130.

[14] 吴淑军,张亚伟,姚亚军.有机锌在奶牛上的应用研究[J].饲料广角,2017(8):29-30.

[15] JENSEN G S,PATTERSON K M,YOON I.Yeast culture has anti-inflammatory effects and specifically activates NK cells[J].Comparative Immunology,Microbiology and Infectious Diseases,2008,31(6):487-500.

[16] GAAFAR H M A,BASIUONI M I,ALI M F E,et al.Effect of zinc methionine supplementation on somatic cell count in milk and mastitis in Friesian cows[J].ArchivaZootechnica,2010,13(2):36-46.

[17] HYNES D N,STERGIADIS S,GORDON A,et al.Effects of crude protein level in concentrate supplements on animal performance and nitrogen utilization of lactating dairy cows fed fresh-cut perennial grass[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2016,99(10):8111-8120.

[18] ERIKSSON T,MURPHY M,CISZUK P,et al.Nitrogen balance,microbial protein production,and milk production in dairy cows fed fodder beets and potatoes,or barley[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2004,87(4):1057-1070.

[19] REYNAL S M,BRODERICK G A.Effect of dietary level of rumen-degraded protein on production and nitrogen metabolism in lactating dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2005,88(11):4045-4064.

[20] 张兴夫,高民.降低奶牛养殖对环境污染的营养调控关键技术[J].中国畜牧杂志,2016(20):35-39.

[21] 张峰,邱伟,刘小静,等.日粮磷水平对泌乳奶牛生产性能及磷表观消化率的影响[J].天津农业科学,2013,19(3):38-42.

[22] 周玉香,吕玉玲,王洁,等.血液生化指标在动物生产与营养调控研究中的应用概况[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2012,33(增刊1):72-74.

[23] 肖玲,傅小平,季节,等.上海地区荷斯坦成乳牛部分血清生化指标常值研究[J].乳业科学与技术,2003,26(3):132-134.

[24] 李新萍,陶岳,张孝恩,等.新疆石河子地区奶牛血液生化指标正常参考值范围的建立[J].中国奶牛,2011(18):47-50.

Options

Outlines

模态框（Modal）标题

Abstract

Cite this article

References