Optimum Calcium and Phosphorus Supplemental Levels in Diets for Juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei

AN Wenqiang, CHEN Xiaoru, LI Wenwei, DONG Xiaohui, TAN Beiping, ZHAO Xin

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.07.020

Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 7: 2606 - 2618

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.07.020

Molecular Nutrition

Optimum Calcium and Phosphorus Supplemental Levels in Diets for Juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei

Expand

1. Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China;
2. Tongwei Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, China

Received date: 2017-12-15

Online published: 2018-07-20

Fold

Abstract

This experiment investigated the effects of different dietary supplemental levels of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) on growth performance, body composition, deposition of Ca and P in tissues and serum indexes of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei, and find the optimum supplemental levels of Ca and P in diets. Two factors experimental design was used. Three Ca supplemental levels (0, 0.50% and 1.00%) and five P supplemental levels (0, 0.40%, 0.80%, 1.20% and 1.60%) were adopted, and there were 15 kinds of diets with different Ca and P levels. A total of 1 800 shrimps with initial weight of (0.38±0.01) g were randomly divided into 15 groups, each group was fed one of experimental diets, each group had 3 replicates, and each replicate had 40 shrimps. An 8-week feeding trial was conducted. The results showed as follows:1) dietary Ca supplemental level and the interaction of Ca and P supplemental levels significantly affected weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and feed conversion rate (FCR) of shrimps (P<0.01); dietary P supplemental level significantly affected WGR, SGR, PER, FCR and survival rate (SR) of shrimps (P<0.01). 2) Dietary Ca supplemental level significantly affected contents of crude protein (CP), crude lipid (CL) and ash in muscle (P<0.01), and significantly affected contents of CL and ash in whole body of shrimps (P<0.05); dietary P supplemental level significantly affected contents of CP, CL in muscle, and CP, CL and ash in whole body of shrimps (P<0.01); the interaction between dietary Ca and P supplemental levels significantly affected CL content in whole body and contents of CP, CL and ash in muscle of shrimps (P<0.01). 3) Dietary Ca and P supplemental levels and their interaction significantly affected levels of Ca and P in whole body, muscle and exoskeleton of shrimps (P<0.01). 4) Dietary Ca supplemental level significantly affected serum activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and phenol oxidase (PO), and the content of calcium ion (Ca²⁺) (P<0.01); dietary P supplemental level significantly affected serum activities of ALP and PO, and contents of cholesterol (CHOL), triglyceride (TG) and inorganic phosphorus (IP) (P<0.01), and significantly affected serum Ca²⁺ content of shrimps (P<0.05); the interaction between dietary Ca and P supplemental levels significantly affected serum ALP activity, Ca²⁺ and IP contents (P<0.01), and significantly affected serum TG content (P<0.01). Under the condition of the present experiment, according to SGR, through the analysis of quadratic regression curve model, it is concluded that the optimal supplemental levels of Ca and P in diets for juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei are 1.00% and 1.26%, respectively.

Key words： Litopenaeus vannamei; calcium; phosphorus; growth performance; body composition; tissue calcium and phosphorus levels; serum indexes

Cite this article

AN Wenqiang, CHEN Xiaoru, LI Wenwei, DONG Xiaohui, TAN Beiping, ZHAO Xin . Optimum Calcium and Phosphorus Supplemental Levels in Diets for Juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2018 , 30(7) : 2606 -2618 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.07.020

References

[1] 艾春香.虾蟹类钙磷营养研究进展[J].饲料博览,1999,11(9):33-34.

[2] 王冬冬,叶金云,王友慧,等.饲料中不同磷水平对红螯螯虾幼虾生长和体组成的影响[J].上海海洋大学学报,2010,19(3):344-351.

[3] 李春霞.饲料中钙、磷含量对动物机体的影响[J].养殖技术顾问,2014(4):55.

[4] 朱长波,董双林,王芳,等.水环境Mg²⁺、Ca²⁺含量对凡纳滨对虾幼虾生长和能量收支的影响及其机制[J].水产学报,2010,34(1):89-96.

[5] 谢达祥,陈晓汉,黄均,等.水体中钙和镁对凡纳滨对虾幼体成活率和生长的影响[J].水生态学杂志,2007,27(5):46-51.

[6] DESHIMARU O,KUROKI K,SAKAMOTO S,et al.Absorption of labelled calcium-⁴⁵Ca by prawn from sea water[J].Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi,1978,44(9):975-977.

[7] KANAZAWA A,TESHIMA S I,SASAKI M,et al.Requirements of the juvenile prawn for calcium,phosphorus,magnesium,potassium,copper,manganese,and iron[J].Memoirs of Faculty of Fisheries Kagoshima University,1984,33(1):63-71.

[8] 周歧存,刘东超,叶富良,等.中国对虾营养研究新进展[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2000,39(增刊1):59-63.

[9] AMBASANKAR K,ALI S A,DAYAL M A.Effect of dietary phosphorus on growth and its excretion in tiger shrimp,Penaeus monodon[J].Asian Fisheries Science,2006,19:21-26.

[10] AMBASANKAR K,AHAMAD A S.Effect of dietary phosphorus on growth and phosphorus excretion in Indian white shrimp[J].Asian Fisheries Science,2002,17(2):119-126.

[11] DAVIS D A,LAWRENCE A L,GATLIN D M.Response of Penaeus vannamei to dietary calcium,phosphorus and calcium:phosphorus ratio[J].Journal of the World Aquaculture Society,1993,24(4):504-515.

[12] CHENG K M,HU C Q,LIU Y N,et al.Effects of dietary calcium,phosphorus and calcium/phosphorus ratio on the growth and tissue mineralization of Litopenaeus vannamei reared in low-salinity water[J].Aquaculture,2006,251(2/3/4):472-483.

[13] 罗文佳.凡纳滨对虾磷需求量及磷对饲料利用率的影响研究[D].硕士学位论文.广州:中山大学,2010.

[14] 郑涛,潘庆,李桂峰,等.无鱼粉饲料中添加磷和植酸酶对奥尼罗非鱼生长性能及体成分的影响[J].中国水产科学,2006,13(1):112-118.

[15] HUANG J W,YANG Y,WANG A L.Reconsideration of phenoloxidase activity determination in white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei[J].Fish & Shellfish Immunology,2010,28(1):240-244.

[16] PAN Q,CHEN X Y,LI F,et al.Response of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei to varying levels of calcium phosphate monobasic supplemented to a practical diet[J].Aquaculture,2005,248(1/2/3/4):97-102.

[17] 钱国英,朱秋华.饲料中的钙磷含量与河蟹生长的关系[J].浙江海洋学院学报(自然科学版),1999,18(3):209-214.

[18] CHAIMONGKOL A,BOONYARATPALIN M.Effects of ash and inorganic phosphorus in diets on growth and mineral composition of seabass Lates calcarifer (Bloch)[J].Aquaculture Research,2015,32(1):53-59.

[19] 杨原志,刘仙钦,董晓慧,等.饲料磷水平对军曹鱼幼鱼生长、体成分以及生化指标的影响[J].广东饲料,2016,25(8):24-28.

[20] PEÑAFLORIDA V D.Interaction between dietary levels of calcium and phosphorus on growth of juvenile shrimp,Penaeus monodon[J].Aquaculture,1999,172(3/4):281-289.

[21] ROY P K,LALL S P.Dietary phosphorus requirement of juvenile haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus L.)[J].Aquaculture,2003,221(1/2/3/4):451-468.

[22] SHAO Q J,MA J J,XU Z R,et al.Dietary phosphorus requirement of juvenile black seabream,Sparus macrocephalus[J].Aquaculture,2008,277(1/2):92-100.

[23] NIU J,LIU Y J,TIAN L X,et al.Effect of dietary phosphorus sources and varying levels of supplemental phosphorus on survival,growth and body composition of postlarval shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)[J].Aquaculture Nutrition,2008,14(5):472-479.

[24] 刘栋辉.低盐度封闭系统凡纳滨对虾的营养需求与斑节对虾饲料配方研究[D].博士学位论文.广州:中山大学,2005.

[25] ANDREWS J W,MURAI T,CAMPBELL C.Effects of dietary calcium and phosphorus on growth,food conversion,bone ash and hematocrit levels of catfish[J].The Journal of Nutrition,1973,103(5):766-771.

[26] DAVIS D A, GATLIN M G.Dietary mineral requirements of fish and marine crustaceans[J].Reviews in Fisheries Science,1996,4(1):75-99.

[27] ZHANG C X,MAI K S,AI Q H,et al.Dietary phosphorus requirement of juvenile Japanese seabass,Lateolabrax japonicus[J].Aquaculture,2006,255(1/2/3/4):201-209.

[28] EYA J C,LOVELL R T.Available phosphorus requirements of food-size channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) fed practical diets in ponds[J].Aquaculture,1997,154(3/4):283-291.

[29] 胡王龙.饲料磷对黑鲷幼鱼生长和组织生化指标的影响[D].硕士学位论文.杭州:浙江大学,2005.

[30] 李强,谢玲玲,林郁葱,等.克氏原螯虾对饲料中磷的需求量[J].华中农业大学学报,2013,32(2):109-115.

[31] 游文章,黄忠志,廖朝兴,等.草鱼对饲料中磷需要量的研究[J].水产学报,1987,11(4):285-292.

[32] 陈宇腾,杨霞,叶金云,等.中华绒螯蟹幼蟹对饲料中磷的需要量[J].湖州师范学院学报,2014(8):25-29.

[33] 任泽林,李爱杰.饲料中钙磷含量对虾肉、虾壳中钙磷含量的影响[J].中国饲料,1996(6):29-30.

[34] SAKAMOTO S,YONE Y.Effect of dietary calcium/phosphorus ratio upon growth,feed efficiency and blood serum Ca and P level in red sea bream[J].Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi,1973,39(4):343-348.

[35] 黄凯,王武,石祖秀,等.低盐度水体中饲用磷酸二氢钙对南美白对虾生长的影响[J].淡水渔业,2004,34(6):15-18.

[36] WATANABE T,MURAKAMI A,TAKEUCHI L,et al.Requirement of chum salmon held in freshwater for dietary phosphorus[J].Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi,1980,46(3):361-367.

[37] SHEARER K D,HARDY R W.Phosphorus deficiency in rainbow trout fed a diet containing deboned fillet scrap[J].The Progressive Fish:Culturist,1987,49(3):192-197.

[38] CAIN K D,GARLING D L.Pretreatment of soybean meal with phytase for salmonid diets to reduce phosphorus concentrations in hatchery effluents[J].The Progressive Fish:Culturist,1995,57(2):114-119.

[39] KETOLA H.Mineral nutrition:effects of phosphorus in trout and salmon feeds on water pollution[J].Journal of Differential Equations,1986,179(2):738.

[40] BUREAU D P,CHO C Y.Phosphorus utilization by rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss):estimation of dissolved phosphorus waste output[J].Aquaculture,1999,179(1/2/3/4):127-140.

[41] DAVIS D A,ARNOLD C R.Bioavailability of feed grade calcium phosphate incorporated into practical diets for Penaeus vannamei[J].Aquaculture Nutrition,2015,4(3):209-215.

[42] DAVIS D A,LAWRENCE A L,GATLIN D M.Mineral requirements of Penaeus vannamei:a preliminary examination of the dietary essentiality for thirteen minerals[J].Journal of the World Aquaculture Society,2010,23(1):8-14.

[43] GALLAGHER M L,BROWN W D,CONKLIN D E,et al.Effects of varying calcium/phosphorus ratios in diets fed to juvenile lobsters (Homarus americanus)[J].Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A:Physiology,1978,60(4):467-471.

[44] 王秋颖.碱性磷酸酶特性及其应用的研究进展[J].中国畜牧兽医,2011,38(1):157-161.

[45] 冀培丰.一氧化氮合酶及其相关因子在凡纳滨对虾免疫反应中特性的研究[D].硕士学位论文.厦门:集美大学,2010.

[46] 刘凯.南美白对虾血细胞中酚氧化酶原系统的激活[J].动物医学进展,2009,30(1):27-32.

[47] 樊廷俊,汪小锋.中国对虾(Penaeus chinensis)酚氧化酶的分离纯化及其部分生物化学性质(英文)[J].生物化学与生物物理学报,2002,34(5):589-594.

[48] 侯水清.鲤鱼日粮中磷、铁、锌、镁的最适添加水平[J].武汉轻工大学学报,1996(1):7-15.

[49] MOHAMMAD E Z,KENTARO I,TAKAO Y,et al.Requirement of yellow croaker nibea albiflora for dietary phosphorus[J].Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture,1995,40(1/2):147-155.

[50] 袁勇超.胭脂鱼适宜蛋白能量水平、投喂水平和磷需要量及对植物蛋白源的利用研究[D].博士学位论文.武汉:华中农业大学,2011.

[51] 黄晓聪.浅色黄姑鱼和双棘黄姑鱼幼鱼饲料中适宜磷水平及钙磷比研究[D].硕士学位论文.汕头:汕头大学,2015.

[52] 刘仙钦.军曹鱼(Rachycentron canadum)幼鱼饲料中适宜磷源、磷水平以及钙磷比研究[D].硕士学位论文.湛江:广东海洋大学,2010.

[53] CHENG A C,WU J D,YANG S D,et al.Dietary phosphorus requirement of juvenile malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus)[J].Journal of the Fisheries Society of Taiwan,2005,32(1):41-52.

[54] 张道波,马琳,马甡.中国对虾仔虾对磷需要量的研究[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2000,30(1):63-67.

[55] LOVELL R T.Nutrition and feeding of fish[M].New York:Van Nostrand Reinhold,1989:163-183.

[56] WILSON R P,ROBINSON E H,GATLIN D M,et al.Dietary phosphorus requirement of channel catfish[J].The Journal of Nutrition,1982,112(6):1197-1202.

Options

Outlines

模态框（Modal）标题

Abstract

Cite this article

References