Rumen Bacteria Diversity in Holstein Dairy Cows at Different Physiological Phases

LI Zijian, LI Dabiao, GAO Min, WANG Dian, LAN Rubing

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.08.018

Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 8: 3017 - 3025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.08.018

Molecular Nutrition

Rumen Bacteria Diversity in Holstein Dairy Cows at Different Physiological Phases

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1. College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China;
2. Animal Nutrition Institute, Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Academy of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot 010031, China;
3. Inner Mongolia Youran Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010107, China

Received date: 2018-02-03

Online published: 2018-08-18

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Abstract

This study aimed at investigating the rumen bacterial diversity in Holstein dairy cows at different physiological phases. Sixteen cows were chose and divided into 4 groups according to their physiological phases which were early prenatal phase, early lactation phase, medium lactation phase and late lactation phase. Collecting the fluid phase of ruminal fluid to determined the rumen fermentation parameters and extracted the rumen microbial DNA. The Illumina Miseq PE300 platform was used to determine the rumen bacterial composition. The results showed as follows:1) the concentrations of microbial protein, acetic acid, butyric acid and total volatile fatty acid and acetic acid/propionic acid in rumen of cows in early prenatal phase were significantly higher than those in lactation phase (P<0.05), the rumen propionic acid concentration cows in early prenatal phase was significantly lower than that in lactation phase (P<0.05). 2) At the level of phyla, the dominant bacteria in rumen of cows in early prenatal phase were Bacteroides and Firmicutes, the dominant bacteria in rumen of cows in lactation phase were Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. The relative abundances of Bacteroidetes, SR1 bacteria, Cyanobacteria, TM7 bacteria, and Fibrobacter in rumen of cows in early prenatal phase were significantly higher than those in lactation phase (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference among all lactation phases (P>0.05). In contrast, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in rumen of cows in early prenatal phase was significantly lower than that in lactation phase (P<0.05). 3). At the level of family, the dominant bacteria in rumen of cows in early prenatal phase were Prevotellaceae, while the dominant bacteria in rumen of cows in lactation phase were Succinivibrionaceae and Prevotellaceae. The relative abundances of Prevotella, Ruminococcaceae, Rikenellaceae, BS11 bacteria, RF16 bacteria, SR1 bacteria, Gastranaerophilales, Christensenellaceae, TM7 bacteria, RF9 bacteria and Fibrobacteria in rumen of cows in early prenatal phase were significantly higher than those in lactation phase (P<0.05). The relative abundances of Succinivibrionaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Veillonellaceae in rumen of cows in early prenatal phase were significantly lower than those in lactation phase (P<0.05). In conclusion, the diversity of rumen bacteria in dairy cows significantly decrease from early prenatal phase to lactation phase, but there is little difference in the composition of rumen bacteria among all lactation phases.

Key words： Holstein cows; physiological phases; rumen bacteria; diversity

Cite this article

LI Zijian, LI Dabiao, GAO Min, WANG Dian, LAN Rubing . Rumen Bacteria Diversity in Holstein Dairy Cows at Different Physiological Phases[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2018 , 30(8) : 3017 -3025 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.08.018

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