Molecular Nutrition

Effects of Taurine on Growth Performance and Intestinal Health of Early-Weaned Piglets

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  • Key Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China

Received date: 2018-04-05

  Online published: 2018-10-20

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects and mechanisms of taurine (Tau) on growth performance, serum indexes, intestinal mucosa morphological structure and related gene expressions of early-weaned piglets, and compared the supplemental effects of Tau and glutamine (Gln). Thirty healthy "(Landrace×Yorkshire)×Rongchang" early-weaned piglets weaned at (17±2) days with average body weight of (5.17±0.04) kg were randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 replicates per group and 1 piglets per replicate. Piglets in control group (CON group) were fed a basal diet, and the others in experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 0.1% Tau (T group) and 1.0% Gln (G group), respectively. The experiment lasted for 17 days including 3 days of adaptation period. The results showed as follows:1) compared with CON group, dietary Tau and Gln significantly increased average daily gain and average daily feed intake (P<0.05), and decreased diarrhea rate of early-weaned piglets, the effects of Gln was better than Tau. 2) The content of albumin (ALB) in serum of early-weaned piglets in T group was significantly higher than that in CON and G groups (P<0.05). Compared with CON group, the activity of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in serum in T and G groups was significantly increased (P<0.05), but the activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum in T and G groups was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 3) Compared with CON group, the content of triglyceride (TG) in serum of early-weaned piglets in T and G groups was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 4) The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum of early-weaned piglets in T group was significantly higher than that in CON and G groups (P<0.05), and the activity of catalase (CAT) in serum in T and G groups was significantly higher than that in CON group (P<0.05), the effects of G group was better. 5) Compared with CON group, the contents of essential amino acid (EAA) in serum of early-weaned piglets in T and G groups had an increasing trend, but the contents of non-essential amino acid (NEAA) in serum had a decreasing trend, except for tryptophan (Try), histidine (His), isoleucine (Ile), phenylalanine (Phe), valine (Val) and glutamate (Glu). Dietary Tau had a better increasing effect than Gln on the contents of lysine (Lys), methionine (Met) and arginine (Arg) in serum. 6) Jejunal villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth of early-weaned piglets in T and G groups were significantly higher than those in CON group (P<0.05), and crypt depth was significantly lower than that in CON group (P<0.05). 7) The mRNA relative expression level of jejunal and ileal mucosa β-catenin of early-weaned piglets in T and G groups was significantly lower than that in CON group (P<0.05), and that in G group was lowest. These results indicate that diet supplemented with 0.1% Tau or 1.0% Gln can improve growth performance and intestinal development of early-weaned piglets, and the supplemental effects of 1.0% Gln are slightly better than 0.1% Tau.

Cite this article

MA Yajun, ZHANG Xiaolong, CHEN Qingju, LU Changwen, TANG Zhiru . Effects of Taurine on Growth Performance and Intestinal Health of Early-Weaned Piglets[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2018 , 30(10) : 4121 -4131 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.10.038

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