Effects of Low Birth Weight on Immune Function of Piglets and the Nutritional Effects of Arginine

TIAN Yihang, CHEN Daiwen, YU Bing, HE Jun, YU Jie, MAO Xiangbing, LUO Yuheng, HUANG Zhiqing, LUO Junqiu, ZHENG Ping

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.12.016

Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 12: 4886 - 4897

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.12.016

Molecular Nutrition

Effects of Low Birth Weight on Immune Function of Piglets and the Nutritional Effects of Arginine

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Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China

Received date: 2018-05-10

Online published: 2018-12-19

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of low birth weight (LBW) on immune function and the nutritional effects of arginine supplementation for piglets. A total of 30 piglets (4-day-old) including ten normal birth weight (NBW) piglets and twenty LBW piglets were selected. NBW piglets were fed a basal diet (group Ⅰ), and LBW piglets were fed the basal diet (group Ⅱ) and the basal diet supplemented with 1.0% L-arginine (group Ⅲ), respectively. The experiment lasted for 21 days feeding the artificial milk. The results showed as follows: 1) compared with group Ⅰ, the final weight, average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were significantly decreased (P<0.05), the serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) content was significantly decreased (P<0.05), the gene expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-β1 in spleen were significantly decreased (P<0.05), the gene expression levels of Toll-like receptor 2, nuclear factor-κB, myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) in spleen were significantly decreased (P<0.05), the gene expression levels of p38 MAPK and MyD88 in thymus were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the arginase 2 (ARG2) gene expression level in thymus was significantly decreased (P<0.05) of piglets in group Ⅱ. 2) Compared with group Ⅱ, the final weight, ADG and ADFI were significantly increased (P<0.05), the ratio of feed to gain trended to be increased (P=0.07), the spleen index was significantly increased (P<0.05) and the thymus index tended to be increased (P=0.07), the serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) content was significantly increased and the serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) content tended to be increased (P=0.05), the interferon-γ (IFN-γ) gene expression level in spleen was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the p38 MAPK gene expression level in spleen tended to be increased (P=0.08) of piglets in group Ⅲ. In conclusion, under the experimental conditions, the LBW decreases growth performance and serum IgG content, down-regulates the expression level of cytokine genes in spleen, decreases the expression levels of immune function-related genes in spleen and thymus, and reduces ARG2 gene expression level in thymus of piglets. Dietary 1.0% arginine increases growth performance, serum contents of IgA and IgM, spleen index, and IFN-γ gene expression level in spleen, suggesting that arginine improves the immune functions of LBW piglets, some indices can reach the level of NBW piglets.

Key words： low birth weight; arginine; organ index; immune; cytokine

Cite this article

TIAN Yihang, CHEN Daiwen, YU Bing, HE Jun, YU Jie, MAO Xiangbing, LUO Yuheng, HUANG Zhiqing, LUO Junqiu, ZHENG Ping . Effects of Low Birth Weight on Immune Function of Piglets and the Nutritional Effects of Arginine[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2018 , 30(12) : 4886 -4897 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.12.016

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