[1] SHINDELL D T,FALUVEQI G,KOCH D M,et al.Improved attribution of climate forcing to emissions[J].Science,2009,326(5953):716-718.
[2] KIRSCHKE S,BOUSQUET P,CIAIS P,et al.Three decades of global methane sources and sinks[J].Nature Geoscience,2013,6(10):813-823.
[3] LASSEY K R.Livestock methane emission and its perspective in the global methane cycle[J].Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture,2008,48(2):114-118.
[4] ECKARD R J,GRAINGER C,DE KLEIN C A M.Options for the abatement of methane and nitrous oxide from ruminant production:a review[J].Livestock Science,2010,130(1/2/3):47-56.
[5] SALLAM S,BUENO I C S,BRIGIDE P,et al.Investigation of potential new opportunities for plant extracts on rumen microbial fermentation
in vitro[J].Options Méditerranéennes Série A Séminai,2009,85:255-260.
[6] MOLERO R,IBARS M,CALSAMIGLIA S,et al.Effects of a specific blend of essential oil compounds on dry matter and crude protein degradability in heifers fed diets with different forage to concentrate ratios[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2004,114(1/2/3/4):91-104.
[7] CARDOZO P W,CALSAMIGLIA S,FERRET A,et al.Screening for the effects of natural plant extracts at different pH on
in vitro rumen microbial fermentation of a high-concentrate diet for beef cattle[J].Journal of Animal Science,2005,83(11):2572-2579.
[8] BUSQUET M,CALSAMIGLIA S,FERRET A,et al.Plant extracts affect
in vitro rumen microbial fermentation[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2006,89(2):761-771.
[9] CASTILLEJOS L,CALSAMIGLIA S,FERRET A.Effect of essential oil active compounds on rumen microbial fermentation and nutrient flow in
in vitro systems[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2006,89(7):2649-2658.
[10] CALSAMIGLIA S,BUSQUET M,CARDOZO P W,et al.invited review:essential oils as modifiers of rumen microbial fermentation[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2007,90(6):2580-2595.
[11] LI Y L,HE M L,LI C,et al.Effects of wheat dried distillers grains with solubles and cinnamaldehyde on
in vitro fermentation and protein degradation using the Rusitec technique[J].Archives of Animal Nutrition,2012,66(2):131-148.
[12] MENKE K H,RAAB L,SALEWSKI A,et al.The estimation of the digestibility and metabolizable energy content of ruminant feeding stuffs from the gas production when they are incubated with rumen liquor
in vitro[J].The Journal of Agricultural Science,1979,93(1):217-222.
[13] VAN SOEST P J,ROBERTSON J B,LEWIS B A.Methods for dietary fiber,neutral detergent fiber,and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1991,74(10):3583-3597.
[14] AOAC.Official methods of analysis[S].16th ed.Arlington,VA:Association of Official Analytical Chemists,1995.
[15] 张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].3版.北京:中国农业大学出版社,2007:140-147.
[16] CAO Y C,YANG H J.Ruminal digestibility and fermentation characteristics
in vitro of fenugreek and alfalfa hay combination with or without the inoculation of
Neocallimastix sp.YAK11[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2011,169(1/2):53-60.
[17] BRODERICK G A,KANG J H.Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and total amino acids in ruminal fluid and
in vitro media[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1980,63(1):64-75.
[18] KHATERI N,AZIZI O,JAHANI-AZIZABADI H.Effects of a specific blend of essential oils on apparent nutrient digestion,rumen fermentation and rumen microbial populations in sheep fed a 50:50 alfalfa hay:concentrate diet[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2017,30(3):370-378.
[19] CHAVES A V,STANFORD K,DUGAN M E R,et al.Effects of cinnamaldehyde,garlic and juniper berry essential oils on rumen fermentation,blood metabolites,growth performance,and carcass characteristics of growing lambs[J].Livestock Science 2008,17(2/3):215-224.
[20] BENCHAAR C,MCALLISTER T A,CHOUINARD P Y.Digestion,ruminal fermentation,ciliate protozoal populations,and milk production from dairy cows fed cinnamaldehyde,quebracho condensed tannin,or Yucca schidigera saponin extracts[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2008,91(12):4765-4777.
[21] YANG W Z,AMETAJ B N,BENCHAAR C,et al.Dose response to cinnamaldehyde supplementation in growing beef heifers:ruminal and intestinal digestion[J].Journal of Animal Science,2010,88(2):680-688.
[22] BUSQUET M,CALSAMIGLIA S,FERRET A,et al.Effects of cinnamaldehyde and garlic oil on rumen microbial fermentation in a dual flow continuous culture[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2005,88(7):2508-2516.
[23] NEWBOLD C J,MCINTOSH F M,WILLIAMS P,et al.Effects of a specific blend of essential oil compounds on rumen fermentation[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2004,114(1/2/3/4):105-112.
[24] BEAUCHEMIN K A,MCGINN S M.Methane emissions from beef cattle:effects of fumaric acid,essential oil,and canola oil[J].Journal of Animal Science,2006,84(6):1489-1496.
[25] BUSQUET M,CALSAMIGLIA S,FERRET A,et al.Effects of cinnamaldehyde and garlic oil on rumen microbial fermentation in a dual flow continuous culture[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2005,88(7):2508-2516.
[26] DEVANT M,ANGLADA A,BACH A.Effects of plant extract supplementation on rumen fermentation and metabolism in young Holstein bulls consuming high levels of concentrate[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2007,137(1/2):46-57.
[27] 王宇星,隋美霞,刘海霞,等.香精油对反刍动物瘤胃发酵的影响[J].饲料博览,2010(2):7-10.
[28] 金恩望,卜登攀,王加启,等.利用双外流持续发酵系统研究植物精油对瘤胃发酵和甲烷生成的影响[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(10):2303-2314.
[29] BHATTA R.Reducing enteric methane emission using plant secondary metabolites[M]//SEJIAN V,GAUGHAN J,BAUMGARD L,et al.Climate change impact on livestock:adaptation and mitigation.New Delhi:Springer,2015:273-284.
[30] SZUMACHER-STRABEL M,CIESLAK A.Potential of phytofactors to mitigate rumen ammonia and methane production[J].Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences,2010,19(3):319-337.
[31] OSKOUEIAN E,ABDULLAH N,OSKOUEIAN A.Effects of flavonoids on rumen fermentation activity,methane production,and microbial population[J].BioMed Research International,2013,2013:349129.
[32] COBELLIS G,TRABALZA-MARINUCCI M,YU Z T.Critical evaluation of essential oils as rumen modifiers in ruminant nutrition:a review[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,545/546:556-568.
[33] PATRA A K,YU Z T.Effects of essential oils on methane production and fermentation by,and abundance and diversity of,rumen microbial populations[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2012,78(12):4271-4280.
[34] JAYANEGARA A,GOEL G,MAKKAR H P S,et al.Divergence between purified hydrolysable and condensed tannin effects on methane emission,rumen fermentation and microbial population
in vitro[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2015,209:60-68.
[35] PINSKI B,GVNAL M,ABUGHAZALEH A A.The effects of essential oil and condensed tannin on fermentation and methane production under
in vitro conditions[J].Animal Production Science,2015,56(10):1707-1713.
[36] 林波,纪苗苗,梁权,等.肉桂油和牛至油及其主要成分对体外瘤胃发酵和甲烷产生的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2011,31(2):279-282,287.
[37] PATRA A K,SAXENA J.A new perspective on the use of plant secondary metabolites to inhibit methanogenesis in the Rumen[J].Phytochemistry,2010,41(11/12):1198-1222.
