Effects of Dietary Hydrolyzed Wheat Gluten to Sows during Late Gestation and Lactation on Amino Acid Contents and Growth Factors in Colostrum and Intestine Development of Piglets

KOU Jiao, CUI Lu, JIA Hai, CHEN Hui, DAI Zhaolai, WU Guoyao, ZHU Fangzhou, WU Zhenlong

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.03.014

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 3: 1091 - 1102

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.03.014

Molecular Nutrition

Effects of Dietary Hydrolyzed Wheat Gluten to Sows during Late Gestation and Lactation on Amino Acid Contents and Growth Factors in Colostrum and Intestine Development of Piglets

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1. College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
2. Department of Animal Science, Texas A & M University, College Station 77843, USA;
3. Zhengzhou Newwill Nutrition Technology Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450100, China

Received date: 2018-08-02

Online published: 2019-03-18

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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary hydrolyzed wheat gluten (HWG) to sows during late gestation and lactation on amino acid contents and growth factors in colostrum and intestine development of piglets, in order to provide the experimental basis for its application in sows feeding preparation. Thirty-three pregnant sows with 3 to 4 parities and similar due dates were selected and randomly allocated to one of three groups with 11 sows per group. The sows in the control group were fed a basal diet, and those in the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 1% and 2% HWG from the 90^th day of gestation to the 21^st day of lactation, respectively. All the diets were made iso-nitrogenous and iso-energetic. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group, dietary 1% and 2% HWG significantly increased the average daily gain of piglets from 15 to 21 days of age and the weanling body weight of piglets at 21 days of age (P<0.05), dietary 1% HWG significantly increased the average birth weight of piglets (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the control group, dietary 1% and 2% HWG significantly increased the contents of histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, threonine and insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ in sow's colostrum (P<0.05), dietary 1% HWG significantly increased the contents of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, tryptophan and tyrosine in sow's colostrum (P<0.05), and dietary 2% HWG significantly increased the contents of glycine, serine, insulin and epidermal growth factor in sow's colostrum (P<0.05). 3) Compared with the control group, dietary 1% and 2% HWG significantly decreased the serum ammonia content and mRNA relative expression levels of inflammatory cytokines in the jejunum such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and in the ileum such as IL-8 and TNF-α of weaned piglets (P<0.05), and significantly increased the ratio of the villus height to crypt depth in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum of weaned piglets (P<0.05). Dietary 2% HWG significantly increased serum albumin content of weaned piglets (P<0.05), significantly decreased the ileal IL-6 mRNA relative expression level and the ileal crypt depth (P<0.05). 4) Compared with the control group, dietary 1% HWG significantly enhanced the protein abundance of claudin-4 (P<0.05), while dietary 2% HWG resulted in enhancing protein abundances of claudin-3, claudin-4 and occludin in the jejunum of weaned piglets (P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary HWG to sows during late gestation and lactation can improve the levels of amino acids and growth factors in colostrum and the utilization efficiency of protein, thus promoting the intestinal health and growth of piglets.

Key words： hydrolyzed wheat gluten; sows; amino acids; growth factors; weaned piglets; intestine morphology; intestine inflammation

Cite this article

KOU Jiao, CUI Lu, JIA Hai, CHEN Hui, DAI Zhaolai, WU Guoyao, ZHU Fangzhou, WU Zhenlong . Effects of Dietary Hydrolyzed Wheat Gluten to Sows during Late Gestation and Lactation on Amino Acid Contents and Growth Factors in Colostrum and Intestine Development of Piglets[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2019 , 31(3) : 1091 -1102 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.03.014

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