Effects of Dietary Calcium and Phosphorus Deficiency on Growth Performance, Rickets Incidence Characters and Tibia Histological Structure of Broilers during 1 to 21 Days of Age

SHAO Yuxin, XING Guanzhong, ZHANG Liyang, LYU Lin, LI Sufen, LIAO Xiudong, LUO Xugang

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.05.017

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 5: 2107 - 2118

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.05.017

Molecular Nutrition

Effects of Dietary Calcium and Phosphorus Deficiency on Growth Performance, Rickets Incidence Characters and Tibia Histological Structure of Broilers during 1 to 21 Days of Age

Expand

1. Mineral Nutrition Research Division, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
2. Department of Animal Science, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China

Received date: 2018-10-24

Online published: 2019-05-15

Fold

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary calcium (Ca) or phosphorus (P) deficiency on growth performance, rickets incidence characters and tibia histological structure of broilers during 1 to 21 days of age. A total of 504 one-day-old Arbor Acres male broilers were selected, and a 2×2 two-factor complete random test design was adopted, there were two Ca levels (1.00% and 0.35%) and two non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) levels (0.45% and 0.23%), the 4 groups were normal control group (1.00% Ca+0.45% NPP), P deficiency group (1.00% Ca+0.23% NPP), Ca deficiency group (0.35% Ca+0.45% NPP) and Ca and P deficiency group (0.35% Ca+0.23% NPP), respectively; and there were 7 replicates per groups and 18 broilers per replicate. The experiment lasted for 21 days. The results showed that the interaction between Ca and P levels was significantly affected the average daily feed intake, average daily gain and feed to gain ratio at all stage of broilers during 1 to 21 days of age, tibia length at 7, 14 and 21 days of age, the lengths of proliferating zone and hypertrophy zone in tibia growth plate at 7 days of age, and the length of hypertrophy zone in tibia growth plate at 14 days of age (P<0.05). In the normal Ca level, low P significantly decreased the average daily feed intake and average daily gain at all stage of broilers during 1 to 21 days of age (P<0.05), significantly increased the feed to gain ratio (P<0.05), and significantly improved the length of hypertrophy zone in tibia growth plate at 7 and 14 days of age (P<0.05); in the low Ca level, low P significantly improved the average daily gain during 15 to 21 days of age and 1 to 21 days of age and the length of hypertrophy zone in tibia growth plate at 7 days of age (P<0.05), and significantly decreased the length of proliferating zone in tibia growth plate at 7 days of age (P<0.05). Besides, compared with the P deficiency group, the average daily feed intake and average daily gain at all stage of broilers during 1 to 21 days of age and the length of proliferating zone in tibia growth plate at 7 days of age of Ca deficiency group and Ca and P deficiency group were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the length of hypertrophy zone in tibia growth plate at 7 and 14 days of age was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The results indicate that the growth performance and tibia structure are the most sensitive to the P deficiency, followed by the Ca deficiency, and then the Ca and P deficiency has weaker influence. The typical characteristics of rickets show that the length of hypertrophy zone in tibia growth plate is lengthened in the P deficiency group, while the length of proliferating zone in tibia growth plate is lengthened in the Ca deficiency group and Ca and P deficiency group, but Ca and P deficiency group has the shorter length of proliferating zone in tibia growth plate than Ca deficiency group in the early stage.

Key words： Ca deficiency; P deficiency; rickets; tibia; broilers

Cite this article

SHAO Yuxin, XING Guanzhong, ZHANG Liyang, LYU Lin, LI Sufen, LIAO Xiudong, LUO Xugang . Effects of Dietary Calcium and Phosphorus Deficiency on Growth Performance, Rickets Incidence Characters and Tibia Histological Structure of Broilers during 1 to 21 Days of Age[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2019 , 31(5) : 2107 -2118 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.05.017

References

[1] BERNDT T,KUMAR R.Novel mechanisms in the regulation of phosphorus homeostasis[J].Physiology,2009,24(1):17-25.

[2] VEUM T L.Phosphorus and calcium nutrition and metabolism[M]//VITTI D M S S,KEBREAB E.Phosphorus and calcium utilization and requirements in farm animals.Oxfordshire:CAB International,2010:94-111.

[3] WILLIAMS B,WADDINGTON D,SOLOMON S,et al.Dietary effects on bone quality and turnover,and Ca and P metabolism in chickens[J].Research in Veterinary Science,2000,69(1):81-87.

[4] DINEV I.Clinical and morphological investigations on the incidence of forms of rickets and their association with other pathological states in broiler chickens[J].Research in Veterinary Science,2012,92(2):273-277.

[5] RIDDELL C,PASS D A.The influence of dietary calcium and phosphorus on tibial dyschondroplasia in broiler chickens[J].Avian Diseases,1987,31(4):771-775.

[6] 呙于明,邵宪萍,丁角立,等.生长后期日粮钙、磷水平对肉仔鸡生产性能及胫骨矿化度的影响[J].中国饲料,1995(13):10-11.

[7] 罗玲萍,崔恒敏.鸡鸭钙磷缺乏症的比较病理学[J].四川农业大学学报,1995,13(1):96-100,17.

[8] JANDE S S,DICKSON I R.Comparative histological study of the effects of high calcium diet and vitamin D supplements on epiphyseal plates of vitamin-D-deficient chicks[J].Acta Anatomica,1980,108(4):463-468.

[9] LACEY D L,HUFFER W E.Studies on the pathogenesis of avian rickets.Ⅰ.Changes in epiphyseal and metaphyseal vessels in hypocalcemic and hypophosphatemic rickets[J].American Journal of Pathology,1982,109(3):288-301.

[10] NRC.Nutrient requirements of poultry[S].9th ed.Washington,D.C.:National Academies Press,1994.

[11] 中华人民共和国农业部.NY/T 33-2004鸡饲养标准[S].北京:中国农业出版社,2004.

[12] 国家技术监督局.GB/T 6432-1994饲料中粗蛋白测定方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1994.

[13] LEYTEM A B,KWANYUEN P,THACKER P.Nutrient excretion,phosphorus characterization,and phosphorus solubility in excreta from broiler chicks fed diets containing graded levels of wheat distillers grains with solubles[J].Poultry Science,2008,87(12):2505-2511.

[14] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局.GB/T 6437-2002饲料中总磷的测定分光光度法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2002.

[15] DINEV I.Comparative pathomorphological study of rickets types in broiler chickens[J].Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology,2011,3(1):1-10.

[16] 王晋晋,王金荣,付佐龙,等.日粮中钙、磷水平对1-3周龄肉鸡骨骼生长的影响[J].动物营养学报,2010,22(4):1088-1095.

[17] DRIVER J P,PESTI G M,BAKALLI R I,et al.Calcium requirements of the modern broiler chicken as influenced by dietary protein and age[J].Poultry Science,2005,84(10):1629-1639.

[18] GAUTIER A E,WALK C L,DILGER R N.Influence of dietary calcium concentrations and the calcium-to-non-phytate phosphorus ratio on growth performance,bone characteristics,and digestibility in broilers[J].Poultry Science,2017,96(8):2795-2803.

[19] EDWARDS H M,Jr,VELTMANN J R,Jr.The role of calcium and phosphorus in the etiology of tibial dyschondroplasia in young chicks[J].The Journal of Nutrition,1983,113(8):1568-1575.

[20] 崔恒敏,王德俊,钟妮娜,等.雏鸭钙磷缺乏症的病理学研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,1994,25(2):154-159.

[21] 崔恒敏,王德俊,钟妮娜,等.实验性雏鸡佝偻病的病理学研究——Ⅱ.形态学观察[J].畜牧兽医学报,1993,24(1):62-66.

[22] VALABLE A S,NARCY A,DUCLOS M J,et al.Effects of dietary calcium and phosphorus deficiency and subsequent recovery on broiler chicken growth performance and bone characteristics[J].Animal,2018,12(8):1555-1563.

Options

Outlines

模态框（Modal）标题

Abstract

Cite this article

References