Effects of Dietary Whole Cottonseed Ratio on Rumen Fermentation and Microflora, Methane Emission and Expression of Genes Related to Carbon Metabolism in Liver of Fattening Holstein Bulls

WANG Yongsheng, LI Yan, CAO Yufeng, LI Qiufeng, BO Wenxi, GAO Yanxia, LI Jianguo

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.06.031

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 6: 2701 - 2715

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.06.031

Molecular Nutrition

Effects of Dietary Whole Cottonseed Ratio on Rumen Fermentation and Microflora, Methane Emission and Expression of Genes Related to Carbon Metabolism in Liver of Fattening Holstein Bulls

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1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China;
2. College of Animal Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China;
3. Fucheng Wufeng Food Co., Ltd., Sanhe 065200, China

Received date: 2018-11-01

Online published: 2019-06-17

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Abstract

This experiment was aimed to study the effects of dietary whole cottonseed ratio on rumen fermentation and microflora, methane emission and expression of genes related to carbon metabolism in liver of fattening Holstein bulls. Forty-four fattening healthy Holstein bulls with similar body weight were randomly divided into 4 groups with 11 heads in each group. The difference of average body weight was not significant among groups (P>0.05). The bulls in groups Ⅰ (control), Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ were fed diets contained 0, 5%, 10%,and 15% whole cottonseed, respectively. The dietary energy and crude protein levels of each group were basically the same. The experimental period lasted for 90 d. The results showed as follows:1) in the rumen fermentation parameters, compared with group Ⅰ, the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, microbial protein, and the percentages of acetic acid and propanoic acid in group Ⅳ were increased by 31.34%, 40.00%, 2.26% and 15.20%, respectively (P<0.05), and the percentage of butyric acid was decreased by 4.46% (P<0.05), but the acetic acid/propanoic acid and pH had no significant changes (P>0.05). 2) From the analysis of the relative abundances of rumen bacteria at genus level, the relative abundances of Prevotella_1 and Treponema_2 in group Ⅳ were extremely significantly higher than those in groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P<0.01); the relative abundance of Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-002 in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05); there were no significant differences in the relative abundances of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Prevotellaceae_UCG-003, Ruminobacter, Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group, Fibrobacter, Unidentified_Chloroplast and Bacteroides (P>0.05). 3) From the analysis of the relative abundances of rumen methanogens at genus level, the relative abundances of Methanobrevibacter and Methanosaeta in group Ⅳ were the lowest in 4 groups, and significantly lower than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05); group Ⅲ had the highest relative abundance of Absconditabacteria_unidentified_SR1, and significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05); there were no significant differences in the relative abundances of Methanosphaera, Methanimicrococcus and Methanospirillum (P>0.05). 4) Dietary supplemented with different ratios of whole cottonseed all decreased the methane emission of fattening Holstein bulls, and methane emission in group Ⅳ was decreased by 22.68% compared with group Ⅰ (P<0.05). 5) Correlation analysis found that the average daily weight had significant negative correlation with methane emission (P<0.05), and the relative abundances of Methanobrevibacter, Methanosaeta and Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-002 had significant or extremely significant positive correlation with methane emission (P<0.05 or P<0.01). 6) After adding 15% of whole cottonseed into the diet, the mRNA expression levels of methylmalonyl coenzyme amutase (MUT), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6P) in liver had upward trend, and the MUT and PEPCK mRNA expression levels were significantly or extremely significant higher than those in group Ⅰ (P<0.05 or P<0.01). To sum up, under the conditions of this experiment, adding 15% whole cottonseed into the diet can effectively regulate the rumen fermentation and microflora of fattening Holstein bulls, significantly reduce the methane emission and up-regulate the expression of carbon metabolism related genes in the liver.

Key words： rumen fermentation; microflora; methane emission; carbon metabolism related genes; whole cottonseed; Holstein bulls

Cite this article

WANG Yongsheng, LI Yan, CAO Yufeng, LI Qiufeng, BO Wenxi, GAO Yanxia, LI Jianguo . Effects of Dietary Whole Cottonseed Ratio on Rumen Fermentation and Microflora, Methane Emission and Expression of Genes Related to Carbon Metabolism in Liver of Fattening Holstein Bulls[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2019 , 31(6) : 2701 -2715 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.06.031

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