Effects of Different Harvest Stages on Nutritional Value, Fermentation Quality and Rumen Degradability of Whole Corn Silage

JIANG Fugui, CHENG Haijian, LIU Dong, HU Ming, SU Wenzheng, AN Wenjuan, KONG Shuhui, WANG Yafang, LIU Fangyuan, SONG Enliang

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.06.041

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 6: 2807 - 2815

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.06.041

Molecular Nutrition

Effects of Different Harvest Stages on Nutritional Value, Fermentation Quality and Rumen Degradability of Whole Corn Silage

Expand

1. Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China;
2. Shandong Key Lab of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Jinan 250100, China;
3. Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Center of Animal Healthy Breeding, Jinan 250100, China;
4. Shandong Provincial General Station of Animal Husbandry, Jinan 250022, China;
5. Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang 261061, China

Received date: 2018-12-11

Online published: 2019-06-17

Fold

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the nutritional value, fermentation quality and rumen degradability of whole corn silage in different harvest stages. One hundred and thirty whole corn silage samples were collected from 130 farms located in 44 districts in Shandong province. According to the position of milk line of corn seeds at harvest, the samples were divided into three stages:1/2 milk line, 2/3 milk line and 3/4 milk line, and the number of samples was 40, 60 and 30, respectively, and the nutritional value, fermentation quality and rumen degradability of whole corn silage were determined. The results were showed as follows:1) with the harvest stage prolonged, the content of dry matter (DM) in whole corn silage was significantly increased (P<0.05), while the crude ash (Ash) content was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The contents of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) in whole corn silage in 1/2 milk line stage were significantly higher than those in 2/3 milk line stage and 3/4 milk line stage (P<0.05). 2) With the harvest stage prolonged, the content of starch (CB₁) in whole corn silage was significantly increased (P<0.05). The contents of total carbohydrates (CHO) and soluble sugar (CA) in whole corn silage in 1/2 milk line stage were significantly lower than those in 3/4 milk line stage (P<0.05), and the contents of unusable fiber (CC) and available neutral detergent fibers (CB₃) in whole corn silage in 1/2 milk line stage were significantly higher than those in 2/3 milk line stage and 3/4 milk line stage (P<0.05). 3) With the harvest stage prolonged, the fermentation coefficient and Fleig score of whole corn silage were significantly increased (P<0.05). The content of lactic acid in whole corn silage in 1/2 milk line stage and 2/3 milk line stage was significantly higher than that in 3/4 milk line stage (P<0.05), and the content of propionic acid in whole corn silage in 1/2 milk line stage was significantly higher than that in 2/3 milk line stage and 3/4 milk line stage (P<0.05). 4) With the harvest stage prolonged, the total digestible nutrient (TDN) content and digestive energy and metabolic energy in whole corn silage were significantly increased (P<0.05). The net energy for maintenance, net energy for gain and net energy for lactating in whole corn silage in 1/2 milk line stage were significantly lower than those in 2/3 milk line stage and 3/4 milk line stage (P<0.05). 5) The dry matter degradability of whole corn silage at 24 and 48 h in 1/2 milk line stage and 2/3 milk line stage was significantly lower than that in 3/4 milk line stage (P<0.05). In conclusion, the whole corn silage harvested at 3/4 milk line has the highest nutritional value and fermentation quality.

Key words： harvest stage; whole corn silage; nutritional value; fermentation quality

Cite this article

JIANG Fugui, CHENG Haijian, LIU Dong, HU Ming, SU Wenzheng, AN Wenjuan, KONG Shuhui, WANG Yafang, LIU Fangyuan, SONG Enliang . Effects of Different Harvest Stages on Nutritional Value, Fermentation Quality and Rumen Degradability of Whole Corn Silage[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2019 , 31(6) : 2807 -2815 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.06.041

References

[1] 赵遵阳.高油玉米品种与成熟期的互作对青贮发酵品质和生长牛饲喂价值影响的研究[D].硕士学位论文.北京:中国农业大学, 2003.

[2] 王洋.不同品种玉米植株在成熟过程中营养价值变化规律及青贮利用价值的研究[D].硕士学位论文.北京:中国农业大学, 2005.

[3] 王国艮.不同类型全株玉米青贮营养价值评定[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业大学, 2017.

[4] SINCLAIR L A, WILKINSON R G, FERGUSON D M R.Effects of crop maturity and cutting height on the nutritive value of fermented whole crop wheat and milk production in dairy cows[J].Livestock Production Science, 2003, 81(2/3):257-269.

[5] NEYLON JM, KUNG L J, Jr.Effects of cutting height and maturity on the nutritive value of corn silage for lactating cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science, 2003, 86(6):2163-2169.

[6] 孟庆翔, 杨军香.全株玉米青贮制作与质量评价[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社, 2016.

[7] 曹志军, 杨军香.青贮制作实用技术[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社, 2014.

[8] 张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].2版.北京:中国农业大学出版社, 2003.

[9] VAN SOEST P J, ROBERTSON J B, LEWIS B A.Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition[J].Journal of Dairy Science, 1991, 74(10):3583-3597.

[10] LICITRA G, HERNANDEZ T M, VAN SOEST P J.Standardization of procedures for nitrogen fractionation of ruminant feeds[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology, 1996, 57(4):347-358.

[11] LANZAS C, SNIFFEN C J, SEO S, et al.A revised CNCPS feed carbohydrate fractionation scheme for formulating rations for ruminants[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2007, 136(3/4):167-190.

[12] SNIFFEN C J, O, CONNOR J D, VAN SOEST P J, et al.A net carbohydrate and protein system forevaluating cattle diets:Ⅱ.Carbohydrate and protein availability[J].Journal of Animal Science, 1992, 70(11):3562-3577.

[13] WEISS W P, CONRAD H R, PIERRE N R S.A theoretically-based model for predicting total digestible nutrient values of forages and concentrates[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology, 1992, 39(1/2):95-110.

[14] NRC.Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle[M].7th ed.Washington, D.C.:National Academy of Sciences, 2001.

[15] UNDERSANDER D J, MERTENS D R, THIEX N J.Forage analyses procedures[Z].Omaha, NE:National Forage Testing Association (USA), 1993.

[16] 和立文.全株玉米青贮品质评价及其对肉牛育肥性能和牛肉品质的影响[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业大学, 2017.

[17] 王运涛, 杨志敏, 刘建成, 等.品种和收获期对全株玉米生物产量和青贮品质的影响[J].草地学报, 2018, 26(1):261-263.

[18] 朱慧森, 邹新平, 玉柱, 等.青贮玉米生产性能对收获期的响应及收获指数的探讨[J].畜牧兽医学报, 2015, 46(8):1375-1382.

[19] 苗树君, 杨柳, 曲永利, 等.不同收获期青贮玉米贮前和贮后营养含量变化研究[J].草食家畜, 2005(3):40-42.

[20] 李玲, 马小强.全株青贮玉米不同生长期青贮技术研究[J].畜牧兽医杂志, 2015, 34(4):68-69.

[21] JOHNSON L M, HARRISON J H, DAVIDSON D, et al.Corn silage management:effects of maturity, inoculation, and mechanical processing on pack density and aerobic stability[J].Journal of Dairy Science, 2002, 85(2):434-444.

[22] FOLMER J D, GRANT R J, MILTON C T, et al.Utilization of Bt corn residues by grazing beef steers and Bt corn silage and grain by growing beef cattle and lactating dairy cows[J].Journal of Animal Science, 2002, 80(5):1352-1361.

[23] 闫贵龙.影响秸秆营养价值的作物学因素及复合化学处理的效果研究[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业大学, 2005.

[24] SHAO T, ZHANG Z X, SHIMOJO M, et al.Comparison of fermentation characteristics of italian ryegrass (Loliummulti florum Lam.) and guineagrass (Panicum maximum Jacq.) during theearly stage of ensiling[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 2005, 18(12):1727-1734.

[25] 陶莲, 刁其玉.青贮发酵对玉米秸秆品质及菌群构成的影响[J].动物营养学报, 2016, 28(1):198-207.

[26] KAISER E, WEISS K.Fermentation process during the ensiling of green forage low in nitrate.2.Fermentation process after supplementation of nitrate, nitrite, lactic acid bacteria and formic acid[J].Arch Tierernahr, 1997, 50(2):187-200.

[27] 陶春卫, 张爱忠, 姜宁, 等.用CNCPS评定反刍动物几种常用粗饲料营养价值的研究[J].中国草食动物科学, 2009, 29(5):14-18.

[28] 苗树君, 杨柳, 韩华, 等.不同收获期玉米青贮DM和CP奶牛瘤胃降解率研究[J].中国草食动物, 2005, 25(6):11-13.

[29] 赵丽华, 汝华, 莫放, 等.不同收获和贮存时间对高油298玉米秸秆营养价值的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医, 2004, 31(8):11-13.

Options

Outlines

模态框（Modal）标题

Abstract

Cite this article

References