Effects of High Concentrate Diets with Different Protein Levels on Fattening Performance, Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Serum Biochemical Indices of Holstein Bulls

ZHAO Yangyang, HAN Yongsheng, LI Wei, WANG Xiaoling, LI Jianguo, GAO Yanxia, CAO Yufeng, LI Qiufeng

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.07.023

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 7: 3123 - 3134

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.07.023

Molecular Nutrition

Effects of High Concentrate Diets with Different Protein Levels on Fattening Performance, Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Serum Biochemical Indices of Holstein Bulls

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1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China;
2. Heilongjiang Institute of Animal Husbandry, Qiqihaer 161000, China;
3. Heilongjiang Honneur Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Qiqihaer 161000, China

Received date: 2019-01-10

Online published: 2019-07-19

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Abstract

The purpose of this experiment was to study effects of high concentrate diets with different protein levels on fattening performance, nutrient apparent digestibility and serum biochemical indices of Holstein bulls. Ninety Holstein bulls with the body weight of (197.07±11.11) kg and similar body condition were randomly divided into three groups with 30 calves in each group, and there was no significant difference in average body weight among three groups (P>0.05). The trial was carried out in three body weight stages (200 to 300 kg, 300 to 400 kg and 400 to 500 kg). Each test stage included groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ, whose were fed low, medium and high protein level diets, respectively. In the same stage of body weight, the energy level of diets in three groups was the same, and the ratio of concentrate to roughage was 90:10. The whole trial period lasted for 193 d. The results showed as follows:1) the average daily gain (ADG), dry matter intake (DMI), digestible dry matter intake (DDMI), DMI/ADG and DDMI/ADG in each body weight stage and whole period of the experiment were not significantly different (P>0.05). 2) In the stage of 200 to 300 kg body weight, the apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) in group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅲ (P<0.05); in the stage of 300 to 400 kg body weight, the apparent digestibility of crude protein (CP) in group Ⅲ was 4.27% higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05), and the apparent digestibility of NDF in group I was 16.06% and 10.42% higher than that in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P<0.05), respectively. 3) In the stage of 200 to 300 kg body weight, the CP digestion of group Ⅲ was extremely significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.01); in the stage of 300 to 400 kg body weight, there was an extremely significant difference in CP digestion among groups (P<0.01), and the NDF digestion in group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P<0.05); the digestion of CP in the stage of 400 to 500 kg body weight and whole period was extremely significantly different among groups (P<0.01). 4) The content of serum growth hormone (GH) in each body weight stage was increased with the increase of dietary protein level, but there was no significant difference among groups (P>0.05). In the stage of 200 to 300 kg body weight, serum thyroxine (T₄) content in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05). In the stage of 300 to 400 kg body weight, the content of serum glucose (GLU) in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05), and the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was 8.63% and 10.98% higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05), respectively. Comprehensive analysis of various indicators, under the conditions of this experiment, the recommended values of dietary protein levels (dry matter basis) for 6 to 12 months old Holstein bulls in different body weight stages as follows:in the stage of 200 to 300 kg body weight, the appropriate protein level is 15.00%; in the stage of 300 to 400 kg body weight, the appropriate protein level is 15.00%; in the stage of 400 to 500 kg body weight, the appropriate protein level is 14.00%.

Key words： high concentrate diet; protein level; Holstein bulls; fattening performance; nutrient apparent digestibility; serum biochemical indices

Cite this article

ZHAO Yangyang, HAN Yongsheng, LI Wei, WANG Xiaoling, LI Jianguo, GAO Yanxia, CAO Yufeng, LI Qiufeng . Effects of High Concentrate Diets with Different Protein Levels on Fattening Performance, Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Serum Biochemical Indices of Holstein Bulls[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2019 , 31(7) : 3123 -3134 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.07.023

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