This experiment was conducted to compare the nutritional components and egg quality between Bashang long tail laying hens and Hy-Line brown laying hens in cage. A total of 180 Bashang long tail laying hens and a total of 180 Hy-Line brown laying hens at 30-week-age were selected, and each breed were randomly divided into 5 replicates per group and 36 laying hens per replicate, and the diet and feeding management procedures were the same. At 35-week-age, each replicate collected 36 eggs, and there were altogether 360 eggs. A total of 120 eggs were used for determine the contents of amino acids, fatty acids, cholesterol, vitamin A, vitamin B₁ and vitamin B₂ as well as trace elements iron, zinc, manganese and selenium, a total of 120 eggs were used for analysis the routine nutritional components (contents of moisture, crude protein, ether extract, calcium and phosphorus), and a total of 120 eggs were used for determine the egg quality. The results showed as follows:1) the egg weight, Haugh unit and albumen ratio of Bashang long tail laying hens were significantly lower than those of Hy-Line brown laying hens (P<0.05), the yolk ratio and egg shape index of Bashang long tail laying hens were significantly higher than those of Hy-Line brown laying hens (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in yolk color and eggshell strength between Bashang long tail laying hens and Hy-Line brown laying hens (P>0.05). 2) The contents of moisture and crude protein in eggs of Bashang long tail laying hens were significantly lower than those of Hy-Line brown laying hens (P<0.05). The contents of serine and proline in eggs of Bashang long tail laying hens were significantly higher than those of Hy-Line brown laying hens (P<0.05), and there were no significant differences in contents of total amino acids and other amino acids in eggs between Bashang long tail laying hens and Hy-Line brown laying hens (P>0.05). 3) The contents of ether extract, total fatty acids, total saturated fatty acids, total unsaturated fatty acids (including total mono-unsaturated fatty acids and total polyunsaturated fatty acids), cholesterol, vitamin A and vitamin B₁ in eggs of Bashang long tail laying hens were significantly higher than those of Hy-Line brown laying hens (P<0.05). 4) The contents of calcium, phosphorus, zinc, iron and manganese in eggs of Bashang long tail laying hens were significantly lower than those of Hy-Line brown laying hens (P<0.05). In conclusion, the eggs of Bashang long tail laying hens have low egg weight, low albumen ratio, high yolk ratio, low moisture content and high fatty acid (especially unsaturated fatty acids) contents, which result the nutritional components are better than Hy-Line brown laying hens.