Study on Bacterial Community Structure and Short Chain Fatty Acid Content in Different Parts of Intestines of Yorkshire Pigs

  • XU E ,
  • YANG Hua ,
  • LIU Xiuting ,
  • REN Minmin ,
  • SHEN Lulu ,
  • LYU Wentao ,
  • XIAO Yingping
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  • 1. College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
    2. Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China

Received date: 2019-03-06

  Online published: 2019-10-17

Abstract

This experiment was to study the similarities and differences of bacterial community structure and short chain fatty acid content in different parts of intestines of Yorkshire pigs. Three Yorkshire pigs of 180 days old weighing (121.00±2.89) kg were selected, and the contents in duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum and colon were collected. Then the microbial genomic DNA was extracted and sequenced by Illumina Hiseq sequencing platform with high throughput to analyze the flora structure, and the short chain fatty acid (SCFA) content was determined. The results indicated that total bacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were significantly increased from duodenum to colon (P<0.05). The cecum and colon showed richer bacteria flora species composition, higher diversity and uniformity compared with duodenum, jejunum and ileum (P<0.05). Firmicutes dominated the intestinal flora, followed by Proteobacteria in duodenum, jejunum and ileum and Bacteroidetes in cecum and colon at the phylum level. Lactobacillus, SMB53, Clostridium in Firmicutes and Vibrio in Proteobacteria were the most abundant genera in duodenum, jejunum and ileum, and Lactobacillus, SMB53, Streptococcus in Firmicutes and Prevotella in Bacteroidetes were the most abundant genera in cecum and colon at the genus level. Compared with duodenum, jejunum and ileum, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Vibrio, Staphylococcus and Acinetobacter in cecum and colon was decreased significantly (P<0.05), while the relative abundance of bacteria that produce SCFA such as Ruminococus, Bacteroides, Prevotella, Coprococcus, Oscillospira, Roseburia, Lachnospira and Faecalibacterium was increased significantly (P<0.05). The beta diversity analysis showed that the similar of bacterial community structure in duodenum, jejunum and ileum was relatively high, and the similar of bacterial community structure in cecum and colon was relatively high which was significantly different from that in small intestine (P<0.05). Meanwhile, SCFA content in cecum and colon was significantly higher than that in small intestine (P<0.05). Therefore, the bacterial community structure in the small intestine and large intestine of Yorkshire pigs is significantly different. In the small intestine, the main bacterial floras are Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, while in the large intestine, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes are dominant. Large intestine has high relative abundance of typical SCFA-producing bacteria such as Bacteroides, Prevotella, Weissella, Roseburia, Treponema and Ruminococcus and high SCFA content, and there is a significant positive correlation between them.

Cite this article

XU E , YANG Hua , LIU Xiuting , REN Minmin , SHEN Lulu , LYU Wentao , XIAO Yingping . Study on Bacterial Community Structure and Short Chain Fatty Acid Content in Different Parts of Intestines of Yorkshire Pigs[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2019 , 31(10) : 4509 -4518 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.10.014

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