Effects of Plant Essential Oils on Rumen Fermentation, Methane Production and Substrate Degradation Rate in Vitro

CAO Yuwei; KOU Zhanying; JIA Miao; LI Yanling

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.10.040

Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 10: 4746 - 4756

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.10.040

Effects of Plant Essential Oils on Rumen Fermentation, Methane Production and Substrate Degradation Rate in Vitro

CAO Yuwei ,
KOU Zhanying ,
JIA Miao ,
LI Yanling

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1. Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China;
2. China Animal Disease Control Center, Beijing 100125, China

Received date: 2019-04-11

Online published: 2019-10-17

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Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different plant essential oils (EOs) on rumen fermentation, substrate degradation rate and methane (CH₄) production in vitro using in vitro gas production technique. A 4×5 two-factor test design was used. The cultivation substrate was consisted of concentrate to forage ratio with 6:4, adding different concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/L) of EOs including eugenol, carvacrol, eucalyptus oil, and anise oil, each plant EO was given 3 replicates for each concentration, and the rumen culture was simulated in vitro for 24 and 96 h, respectively. The 24 h gas production, CH₄ content in the gas, the concentration of volatile fatty acid (VFA), substrate dry matter (DM) digestibility were measured and also the gas production and gas production parameters for 96 h. The results showed as follows:1) plant EOs and concentration had significant effects on total VFA and propionic acid content in rumen fermentation fluid, acetic acid/propionic acid, 24 h gas production, CH₄ content and yield, 24 h substrate DM degradation rate, 96 h gas production, and 96 h theoretical maximum yield gas (P<0.05), and the interaction had significant effect on above indexes (P<0.05). 2) The addition of carvacrol significantly affected the total VFA content of the in vitro fermentation fluid (P<0.05), and it showed a quadratic curve trend with the increase of the concentration, at the concentration of 400 mg/L, the total VFA content of carvacrol in vitro rumen fermentation fluid was significantly lower than that of other three plant EOs (P<0.05); eugenol, carvacrol and anise oil significantly changed the VFA contents (P<0.05), at the concentration of 400 mg/L, the acetic acid/propionic acid of anise oil in vitro rumen fermentation fluid was significantly higher than that of other three plant EOs (P<0.05). 3) With the increase of the concentration, the 24 h gas production, CH₄ content and production of carvacrol in vitro showed a quadratic curve trend (P<0.05), and at the concentration of 400 mg/L, they were significantly lower than those of other three EOs (P<0.05). 4) With the increase of the concentration, the 96 h gas production of eugenol, carvacrol and anise oil in vitro was linear and quadratic curve decrease (P<0.05), at the concentration of 200 and 400 mg/L, the 96 h gas production of carvacrol in vitro was significantly lower than that of other three plant EOs (P<0.05). 5) With the increase of the concentration, the degradation rate of DM in the rumen fermentation of eugenol, carvacrol and anise oil decreased linearly (P<0.05), and at the concentration of 200 and 400 mg/L, the DM degradation rate of carvacrol in vitro rumen fermentation for 24 h was significantly lower than that of the other 3 plant EOs (P<0.05). In conclusion, except for the eucalyptus oil, the eugenol, carvacrol and anise oil can affect rumen fermentation in vitro, and in addition to the low concentration of eugenol and carvacrol, the four different plant EOs influence the 24 h rumen DM degradation rate in vitro, and high concentration of carvacrol can reduce 24 h rumen fermentation gas production and CH₄ production in vitro.

Key words： plant essential oil; rumen fermentation; methane production; substrate degradation rate

Cite this article

CAO Yuwei , KOU Zhanying , JIA Miao , LI Yanling . Effects of Plant Essential Oils on Rumen Fermentation, Methane Production and Substrate Degradation Rate in Vitro[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2019 , 31(10) : 4746 -4756 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.10.040

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