Nutritional Value and Biological Activity of Jerusalem Artichoke Feed and Its Regulation Effects on Animal Physiological Function

  • WANG Yue ,
  • XUE Fuguang ,
  • JIANG Linshu ,
  • XIONG Benhai
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  • 1. Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
    2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China

Received date: 2019-07-24

  Online published: 2020-02-21

Abstract

The Jerusalem artichoke is a perennial herb of the genus Helianthus in the Asteraceae family, originating in North America. The aerial part (stem and leaf) and underground part (tuber) of Jerusalem artichoke can be used as high quality animal feed raw material and feed additive. As a kind of forage grass, the contents of crude protein (CP) and calcium (Ca) in stems and leaves of fresh Jerusalem artichoke at the bud stage (11 to 14 weeks after emergence) are the peak and comparable with alfalfa powder. Moreover, the CP and Ca contents of Jerusalem artichoke silage are higher than those in corn silage, similar to oats, barley and legume silage, thus can be used as a partial substitute feed. In addition, the nutrient composition and some metabolites of Jerusalem artichoke change through various molecular signal transduction pathways during growth and development, which have potential important roles in biosynthesis and biodegradation. As a functional oligosaccharide, the inulin in Jerusalem artichoke tubers is not degraded by digestive enzymes in single stomach animals, but is directly delivered to the large intestine. It mainly acts as a probiotic in the gastrointestinal tract, improves the intestinal environment, and regulates glucose, lipid metabolism and protein metabolism. As bioactive substances, flavonoids, phenolic acids, terpenoids and a small amount of sterols, amino acids, polysaccharides and other compounds in stems, leaves and flowers of Jerusalem artichoke have been proved by a large number of animal clinical trials to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and bactericidal effects as well as certain toxic effects on a variety of tumor cells, with high medical value. This paper reviewed the nutritional characteristics of Jerusalem artichoke and dynamic change of metabolites in the process of development, summarized the Jerusalem artichoke silage fermentation characteristics and feeding value, expounded the regulation function of bioactive substances (mainly inulin, flavonoids, phenolic acids and sesquiterpenoids) in Jerusalem artichoke tuber and stem leaf on animal physiology function, in order to elaborate the development potential of Jerusalem artichoke resource and its effects on the improvement of the animal health.

Cite this article

WANG Yue , XUE Fuguang , JIANG Linshu , XIONG Benhai . Nutritional Value and Biological Activity of Jerusalem Artichoke Feed and Its Regulation Effects on Animal Physiological Function[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2020 , 32(2) : 497 -507 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.02.003

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