Effects of Niacin on Growth Performance, Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Blood Indexes of Yak under Heat-Stress

WANG Xueying; WANG Zhisheng; XUE Bai; WANG Lizhi; PENG Quanhui; ZOU Huawei; ZHU Yixiao; ZHOU Xinyu; CAO Guang; DAI Qindan; SHI Junhua; WANG Cheng

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.05.032

Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 5: 2228 - 2240

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.05.032

RUMINANT AND HERBIVORE NUTRITION AND FEED

Effects of Niacin on Growth Performance, Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Blood Indexes of Yak under Heat-Stress

WANG Xueying ,
WANG Zhisheng ,
XUE Bai ,
WANG Lizhi ,
PENG Quanhui ,
ZOU Huawei ,
ZHU Yixiao ,
ZHOU Xinyu ,
CAO Guang ,
DAI Qindan ,
SHI Junhua ,
WANG Cheng

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Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Culture Production in Cattle in Sichuan, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China

Received date: 2019-11-11

Online published: 2020-05-15

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Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of niacin on the growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility and blood indexes of yak under heat-stress fattening at low-altitudes. Twelve healthy male Maiwa yaks with similar body weight of (222.00±16.65) kg at 1.5 years of age were selected, divided into control group and niacin group, with 6 replicates in each group and 1 yak in each replicate. The experiment period was July, August and September. The control group were fed a basal diet, and niacin group were fed the basal diet added 0.049 g/kg BW niacin in August and September. The experiment had a 7-day-adaption period and a 90-day test period. The results showed as follows:1) the temperature-humidity index (THI) in barn during whole period was more than 72, which indicated that the yak were under heat stress, THI in August was significantly higher than that in July and September (P<0.05), and THI in September was significantly lower than that in July and August (P<0.05). 2) With the increase of heat stress intensity from July to August, the respiratory rate of yak in control group increased significantly (P<0.05), but the respiratory rate did not significantly increase in niacin group (P>0.05); compared with the control group, the contents of heat shock protein 70, adrenocortical hormone and cortisol in the niacin group significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the stress response of yak was reduced. 3) Adding niacin significantly increased the dry matter intake and average daily gain in August (P<0.05), the rumen pH was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), the ammonia nitrogen content was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), the contents of total volatile fatty acids, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and ammonia nitrogen in the niacin group significantly increased with the decrease of heat stress in September (P<0.05). 4) Adding niacin increased significantly the apparent digestibility of crude fat and crude protein in August (P<0.05). 5) From August to September, adding niacin significantly decreased the variation coefficient of red blood cell distribution width in whole blood, white blood cell count, interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α compared with the control group (P<0.05), and the average red blood cell volume, mean red blood cell hemoglobin content and platelet distribution width were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), relieving the blood oxygen supply and inflammation. In conclusion, adding niacin can reduce the heat and humidity stress of yak, and improve the thermal adaptability of yak in low-altitude agricultural areas. The addition of niacin can improve the digestibility of nutrients in the yak during the heat stress period, improve the body's red blood cells to adapt to blood oxygen supply, reduce inflammation, and ensure the growth during the heat stress period.

Key words： heat stress; yak; niacin; growth performance; nutrient apparent digestibility; blood indexes

Cite this article

WANG Xueying , WANG Zhisheng , XUE Bai , WANG Lizhi , PENG Quanhui , ZOU Huawei , ZHU Yixiao , ZHOU Xinyu , CAO Guang , DAI Qindan , SHI Junhua , WANG Cheng . Effects of Niacin on Growth Performance, Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Blood Indexes of Yak under Heat-Stress[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2020 , 32(5) : 2228 -2240 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.05.032

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