Effects of Plant Essential Oil on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indexes and Immune Function of Ducks Challenged by Escherichia coli

LIU Jiao; CHANG Wenhuan; PIRZADO Shoaib Ahmed; LI Yong; ZHENG Aijuan; CHEN Zhimin; LIU Guohua; CAI Huiyi

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.08.025

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 8: 3670 - 3680

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.08.025

Effects of Plant Essential Oil on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indexes and Immune Function of Ducks Challenged by Escherichia coli

LIU Jiao ,
CHANG Wenhuan ,
PIRZADO Shoaib Ahmed ,
LI Yong ,
ZHENG Aijuan ,
CHEN Zhimin ,
LIU Guohua ,
CAI Huiyi

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1. National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Feed Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
2. Beijing Challenge Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100081, China

Received date: 2020-02-18

Online published: 2020-08-13

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Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary plant essential oil on growth performance, serum biochemical indexes and immune function of ducks challenged by Escherichia coli. A total of 144 one-day-old healthy male Peking ducks were selected and randomly divided into three groups with six replicates per group and eight ducks per replicate. Ducks in the control group were fed a basal diet, and others in two experimental groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 30 mg/kg virginiamycin (antibiotic group) and 200 mg/kg plant essential oil (essential oil group), respectively. On day 7, all ducks were orally taken 0.2 mL Escherichia coli O₈₈ (3×10⁹ CFU/mL) twice, 8 hours apart. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group, dietary antibiotics and plant essential oil significantly increased the body weight at 9 days of age and average daily gain during 1 to 9 days of age (P<0.05), dietary plant essential oil significantly decreased the feed to gain ratio during 1 to 9 days of age and during 1 to 28 days of age (P<0.05 or P<0.01); the mortality of ducks in antibiotic group and essential oil group decreased by 6.25 and 4.17 percentage points, respectively. 2) Compared with the control group, dietary plant essential oil significantly increased the bursa of Fabricius index at 14 days of age (P<0.01), dietary antibiotics significantly increased the spleen and bursa of Fabricius indexes at 28 days of age (P<0.01). 3) Compared with the control group, dietary plant essential oil significantly decreased the contents of total protein and globulin in serum at 28 days of age (P<0.05 or P<0.01). 4) Compared with the control group, dietary plant essential oil significantly increased the serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) content at 9 days of age and serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) content at 9, 14 and 28 days of age (P<0.05 or P<0.01); dietary antibiotics significantly increased the serum IgG content at 9 days of age and serum IgM content at 14 days of age (P<0.01). 5) Compared with the control group, dietary plant essential oil significantly decreased the jejunal Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) content at 9 and 28 days of age, jejunal tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) contents at 9, 14 and 28 days of age, and jejunal interleukin-6 (IL-6) content at 14 days of age (P<0.05); dietary antibiotics significantly decreased the jejunal TLR4, IL-1β and IL-6 contents at 9, 14 and 28 days of age and jejunal TNF-α contents at 9 and 28 days of age (P<0.05). In conclusion, under the condition of Escherichia coli challenge, dietary plant essential oil can replace antibiotics to alleviate the inflammatory reaction of body, reduce organ damage and jejunal inflammatory cytokine contents, improve the immune function of the body, so as to improve the growth performance and reduce the mortality of ducks.

Key words： plant essential oil; ducks; Escherichia coli challenge; growth performance; immune function; cytokines

Cite this article

LIU Jiao , CHANG Wenhuan , PIRZADO Shoaib Ahmed , LI Yong , ZHENG Aijuan , CHEN Zhimin , LIU Guohua , CAI Huiyi . Effects of Plant Essential Oil on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indexes and Immune Function of Ducks Challenged by Escherichia coli[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2020 , 32(8) : 3670 -3680 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.08.025

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