Effects of Confined Farming on Rumen Microbial Metagenome of Maiwa Yaks

  • LI Juan ,
  • WANG Li ,
  • LUO Xiaolin ,
  • GUAN Jiuqiang ,
  • AN Tianwu ,
  • ZHANG Xiangfei
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  • 1. Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China;
    2. Sichuan Academy of Grassland Sciences, Chengdu 611731, China

Received date: 2020-03-16

  Online published: 2020-09-17

Abstract

To investigate the effects of confined farming on yak growth performance, rumen microbial species composition and relative abundance, microbial carbohydrate active enzyme (CAZy) and protein metabolic pathways, ten healthy Maiwa yaks at 2 to 3 years of age with body weight of 150 to 180 kg were randomly divided into feeding group and grazing group by a completely randomized trial design, and each group had 5 yaks. The experiment lasted for 4 months. At the end of breeding, 5 yaks were slaughtered. Rumen fluid was collected, DNA was extracted, and sequencing library was constructed. The changes of rumen microorganisms were analyzed by metagenomic method. The results showed that compared with the field feeding, the average gain and average daily gain of Maiwa yaks were significantly increased in confined farming (P<0.05). A total of 2 065 638 open reading frames (ORFs) were predicted by rumen microbial genes. After redundancy removal, a total of 1 571 578 ORFs were obtained, among which the number of complete genes was 333 371. Compared with grazing group, the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Tenericutes and Candidatus in the feeding group were increased (P>0.05), while the relative abundance of Fibrobacteres was decreased significantly (P<0.05). The relative abundance of Prevotella, Clostridium, Bacteroides, Butyrivibrio, Pseudobutyrivibrio and Alistipes in the feeding group were increased (P>0.05), while the relative abundance of Fibrobacter was decreased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with grazing group, the relative abundance of glucoside hydrolase (GH) and glycosyl transferase (GT) increased in the feeding group (P>0.05). And the upregulation of GT and the down regulation of carbohydrate binding module (CBM) were mostly affected by confined farming. In addition, the relative abundance of functional proteins such as rumen microbial transcription, coenzyme transport and metabolism, and the relative abundance of carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism and nucleotide metabolism pathways were also increased (P>0.05). In conclusion, the weight of Maiwa yaks is increased significantly in the confined farming, and the composition and structure of the rumen microorganisms are affected.

Cite this article

LI Juan , WANG Li , LUO Xiaolin , GUAN Jiuqiang , AN Tianwu , ZHANG Xiangfei . Effects of Confined Farming on Rumen Microbial Metagenome of Maiwa Yaks[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2020 , 32(9) : 4185 -4193 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.09.028

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