Effects of Supplementary Concentrate in Cold Season on Milk Yield and Milk Mineral Element Contents in Lactating Yaks in Alpine Pastures in Sanjiangyuan Region

ZHOU Yixiu; HAO Lizhuang; LIU Shujie

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.09.029

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 9: 4194 - 4204

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.09.029

Effects of Supplementary Concentrate in Cold Season on Milk Yield and Milk Mineral Element Contents in Lactating Yaks in Alpine Pastures in Sanjiangyuan Region

ZHOU Yixiu ,
HAO Lizhuang ,
LIU Shujie

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Qinghai Academy of Science and Veterinary Medicine of Qinghai University, Key Laboratory of Plateau Grazing Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Qinghai Province, State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai Plateau Yak Research Center, Xining 810016, China

Received date: 2020-04-22

Online published: 2020-09-17

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of supplementary concentrate in cold season on milk yield and mineral element contents in lactating yaks in alpine pastures in Sanjiangyuan region. The 50 healthy lactating yaks with the same parity and body condition under natural grazing were randomly divided into five groups, namely:group A (natural grazing), group B (natural grazing+supplementary 0.25 kg/d concentrate), group C(natural grazing+supplementary 0.50 kg/d concentrate), group D (natural grazing+supplementary 1.00 kg/d concentrate), group E (natural grazing+supplementary 1.50 kg concentrate), recording monthly milk yield of lactating yaks from November 2018 to April 2019. The contents of nine minerals (K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Co and Cu) of yak milk and forage in five groups were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry monthly. The results showed as follows:1) there was no significant difference in Mn contents in forage among the months (P>0.05), and other mineral contents had significant differences among the months (P<0.05), the contents of K, Ca, Fe, Zn, and Cu showed a trend of decreasing first, then increasing, then decreasing, and then increasing with the passage of months. The contents of Mg and Co showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing. The Na content showed a trend of decreasing first, then increasing and then decreasing. The Mn content was increased slowly. 2)There was no significant difference in milk yield among the groups in November 2018 (P>0.05), and the different supplementary concentrate for the remaining five months had a significant effect on the milk yield of lactating yaks (P<0.05). In December 2018, group D had the highest milk yield, and from January to April 2019, group E had the highest milk yield, which was significantly higher than group A (P<0.05). 3) Supplementary concentrate has a great influence on the contents of mineral elements in yak milk. The contents of K, Na, Mg and Co were the highest in group E, which significantly higher than that in group A (P<0.05). The Ca content in group E was significantly higher than that in group A in November 2018, February 2019, and March 2019 (P<0.05). In the remaining months, the Fe content in group E was significantly higher than that in the group A except for the highest in group D in December 2018 (P<0.05). The Mn content was significantly higher in group E than that in group A except for the highest in group B in February and April 2019 (P<0.05). The Zn content in the other months was significantly higher than that in the group A except for the highest in group D in February 2019 (P<0.05). The content of Cu in the other months was significantly higher than that in group A except for the highest in group C in 2019 (P<0.05). 4) The milk yield of yaks was linearly related to the supplementary concentrate, and the fitting equation was Y=0.22X+0.508 (r=0.749); the mineral contents in milk except Ca and Mg contents, the K, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn, Co and Cu contents were linearly correlated with the supplementary concentrate, the correlation coefficients were 0.548 (P<0.01), 0.682 (P<0.01), 0.711 (P<0.01), 0.435 (P<0.05), 0.594 (P<0.01), 0.461 (P<0.05) and 0.392 (P<0.05). In summary, after supplementary concentrate, the milk yield of lactating yaks in the cold season of the alpine pasture in the Sanjiangyuan region increase significantly, and the contents of nine mineral increase in the milk. When supplemented with 1.50 kg/d, the milk yield of yaks and the contents of each element in milk are the highest.

Key words： cold season; yak milk; feed; milk yield; minerals

Cite this article

ZHOU Yixiu , HAO Lizhuang , LIU Shujie . Effects of Supplementary Concentrate in Cold Season on Milk Yield and Milk Mineral Element Contents in Lactating Yaks in Alpine Pastures in Sanjiangyuan Region[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2020 , 32(9) : 4194 -4204 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.09.029

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