[1] EUKEN R M.Swine feed efficiency:effect of dietary energy on feed efficiency[DB/OL].Iowa Pork Industry Center Fact Sheets.2012.[2020-09-05].http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ipic_factsheets/8.
[2] GUTIERREZ N A,PATIENCE J F.The metabolic basis of feed-energy efficiency in swine[C]//ALLEN D. Leman swine conference.St.Paul,MN,USA:Veterinary Continuing Education,2012:19-26.
[3] PATIENCE J F,ROSSONI-SERÃO M C,GUTIÉRREZ N A.A review of feed efficiency in swine:biology and application[J].Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology,2015,6(1):369-377
[4] 吴国芳,周继平,王磊,等.日粮能量水平对八眉三元杂交猪生长性能、屠宰性能及肉质性状的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2019,40(4):27-31.
[5] 王旭莉,凌宝明,张冠群,等.不同能量水平饲粮对肥育猪生长性能、体型和经济效益的研究[J].养猪,2019(6):44-46.
[6] NITIKANCHANA S,DRITZ S S,TOKACH M D,et al.Regression analysis to predict growth performance from dietary net energy in growing-finishing pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2015,93(6):2826-2839.
[7] 蒋守群,王薇薇,阮栋,等.1-28日龄慢速型黄羽肉公鸡饲粮代谢能需要量研究[J].动物营养学报,2019,31(3):1103-1110.
[8] 郑剑纲,于彩云,徐睿,等.不同日粮能量水平对白羽商品肉鸡生产性能的影响[J].山东畜牧兽医,2017,38(1):10-11.
[9] 霍路曼.饲粮能量水平对荷斯坦育成牛生长性能、瘤胃发酵及肝脏能量代谢基因表达的影响[D].硕士学位论文.石家庄:河北农业大学,2018.
[10] 王斌星,陈光吉,郭春华,等.能量水平对舍饲育肥牦牛生长性能、屠宰性能、瘤胃发酵参数和瘤胃微生物数量的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2017,44(2):469-475.
[11] 张继伟,高昆,张英杰,等.日粮能氮比对燕山绒山羊生长性能及营养物质表观消化率的影响[J].中国农业科学,2019,52(1):154-165.
[12] 袁博.不同来源淀粉对育肥猪生长性能、胴体性能及其肉品质的影响[D].硕士学位论文.杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2015.
[13] 李丰隆.不同来源淀粉对育肥猪生长性能、养分消化率以及血液生化指标的影响[D].硕士学位论文.杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2015.
[14] 马杰,杨泰,杨媚,等.饲粮直链/支链淀粉和淀粉酶对肉鸡生长性能的影响及其互作效应研究[J].动物营养学报,2019,31(7):3086-3094.
[15] PATIENCE J F.Feed efficiency in swine[M].Wageningen:Wageningen Academic Publishers,2012.
[16] 薛强,张鹤亮,李秀花,等.低粗蛋白质氨基酸平衡日粮对仔猪生长性能、血液指标、营养物质表观消化率和腹泻率的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2019,46(8):2307-2314.
[17] MADRID J,MARTÍNEZ S,LÓPEZ C,et al.Effects of low protein diets on growth performance,carcass traits and ammonia emission of barrows and gilts[J].Animal Production Science,2013,53(2):146-153.
[18] 周华,陈代文,何军,等.低蛋白质水平饲粮添加不同水平赖氨酸对肥育猪生长性能、胴体性状、肉品质及氮排放的影响[J].动物营养学报,2019,31(10):4519-4526.
[19] 邓敦,李铁军,孔祥峰,等.日粮蛋白水平对生长猪生产性能和氮平衡的影响[J].广西农业生物科学,2007,26(2):137-143.
[20] 崔荣飞,赵建伟,庞起升.日粮粗蛋白质和可消化赖氨酸水平对育肥猪生长性能、氮平衡及消化率的影响[J].中国饲料,2020(12):52-55.
[21] WANG W W,WANG J,WU S G,et al.Response of broilers to gradual dietary protein reduction with or without an adequate glycine plus serine level[J].Italian Journal of Animal Science,2020,19(1):127-136.
[22] HOFMANN P,SIEGERT W,KENÉZ Á,et al.Very low crude protein and varying glycine concentrations in the diet affect growth performance,characteristics of nitrogen excretion,and the blood metabolome of broiler chickens[J].The Journal of Nutrition,2019,149(7):1122-1132.
[23] VASCONCELLOS C H F,FONTES D O,LARA L J C,et al.Evaluation of glycine+serine levels in low crude protein diets for broiler chickens[J].Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia,2015,67(2):499-505.
[24] AWAD E A,ZULKIFLI I,FARJAM A S,et al.Amino acids fortification of low-protein diet for broilers under tropical climate.2.Nonessential amino acids and increasing essential amino acids[J].Italian Journal of Animal Science,2014,13(3):631-636.
[25] 侯海锋,李茜.低蛋白质日粮添加色氨酸对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及蛋白质代谢的影响[J].中国饲料,2017(13):13-15,23.
[26] 谭继忠,白智迪,韩建林,等.小肠代谢蛋白中赖氨酸、蛋氨酸水平对荷斯坦牛产奶性能的影响[J].中国奶牛,2014(16):40-44.
[27] DOVE H,MILNE J A,LAMB C S,et al.The influence of herbage mass and supplementary feeding on nutrient flows and animal performance in grazing,lactating ewes[J].The Journal of Agricultural Science,2012,105(5):644-662.
[28] 邹轶,张小凤,刘松柏,等.净能体系在肉鸡应用中的研究进展[J].中国畜牧兽医,2019,46(11):3270-3276.
[29] LV D H,XIONG X,YANG H S,et al.Effect of dietary soy oil,glucose,and glutamine on growth performance,amino acid profile,blood profile,immunity,and antioxidant capacity in weaned piglets[J].Science China Life Sciences,2018,61(10):1233-1242.
[30] AHMES A A,HABIB A B.Utilization of different peanut oil levels on broiler chickens feed and its effects in their performance[J].Nova Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences,2017,6(2):1-9.
[31] DONG X F,LIU S,TONG J M.Comparative effect of dietary soybean oil,fish oil,and coconut oil on performance,egg quality and some blood parameters in laying hens[J].Poultry Science,2018,97(7):2460-2472.
[32] 姚延琴,陈朋刚,黄兴铭.不同类型油脂对黑山羊生长、屠宰性能及胴体品质的影响[J].中国饲料,2019(2):77-80.
[33] KIM J S,INGALE S L,LEE S H,et al.Impact of dietary fat sources and feeding level on adipose tissue fatty acids composition and lipid metabolism related gene expression in finisher pigs[J].Animal Feed Science & Technology,2014,196:60-67.
[34] 郁元年,邢月腾,李晨燕,等.亚麻油对宁乡猪生长性能、胴体性状和肉品质的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(10):3875-3881.
[35] TARTRAKOON W,TARTRAKOON T,KITSUPEE N.Effects of the ratio of unsaturated fatty acid to saturated fatty acid on the growth performance,carcass and meat quality of finishing pigs[J].Animal Nutrition,2016,2(2):79-85.
[36] 汪加明,周庆华,王宏玲,等.饲料中添加中链脂肪酸对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响[J].猪业科学,2017,34(9):90-91.
[37] VAN DER HOEVEN-HANGOOR E,VAN DER VOSSEN J M B M,SCHUREN F H J,et al.Ileal microbiota composition of broilers fed various commercial diet compositions[J].Poultry Science,2013,92(10):2713-2723.
[38] 陆长慧.乳化剂替代部分油脂在肉鸡生产中的应用研究[D].硕士学位论文.南京:南京农业大学,2015.
[39] 李静.乳化剂替代部分油脂对肉鸭生长性能和屠宰性能的影响[J].中国饲料,2017(10):20-22.
[40] 王润之,李敬,匡伟,等.不同能量日粮中添加脂肪酶对黄羽肉鸡生产性能的影响[J].家禽科学,2013(11):7-10.
[41] HU Y D,LAN D,ZHU Y,et al.Effect of diets with different energy and lipase levels on performance,digestibility and carcass trait in broilers[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2017,31(8):1275-1284.
[42] 戴德渊,张健,王琳.复合氨基酸微量元素螯合物对生长育肥猪生产性能与屠宰性能的影响[J].畜禽业,2014(5):14-16.
[43] 谭静,赵月朋,常书梅,等.日粮中添加有机铜、铁、锌、锰对育肥猪生长性能及减排的影响[J].饲料工业,2016,37(7):15-18.
[44] 李玲.小肽络合铜、铁、锰、锌及酵母硒在保育猪日粮中的应用[D].硕士学位论文.哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2016.
[45] 喻哲昊.包被微量元素在生长育肥猪中的应用效果研究[D].硕士学位论文.沈阳:沈阳农业大学,2017.
[46] 甄霆,张响英,张诗怡,等.复合氨基酸铁、锌络合物替代日粮无机铁、锌对藏鸡生长性能和屠宰性能的影响[J].中国家禽,2019(11):51-53.
[47] 王林.有机微量元素对北京油鸡性能指标的影响[D].硕士学位论文.兰州:甘肃农业大学,2017.
[48] LI T Y,FU C M,LIEN T F.Effects of nanoparticle chromium on chromium absorbability,growth performance,blood parameters and carcass traits of pigs[J].Animal Production Science,2016,57(6):1193-1200.
[49] 钟光.精氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸、有机铬和硒对热应激黄羽肉鸡的作用研究[D].硕士学位论文.泰安:山东农业大学,2019.
[50] 周梦玮,张银花,郭玉琴,等.烟酸铬对肉鸡生长和屠宰性能及脏器指数的影响[J].北京农学院学报,2016,31(3):86-89.
[51] 张德福,李易明,田耀耀,等.胍基乙酸对猪生长性能和饲养经济效益的影响[J].中国饲料,2016(18):29-31,35.
[52] 刘加合,王益仓.胍基乙酸(GAA)和甜菜碱及N-甲基-
D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)对育肥猪生长和肉质的影响试验[J].浙江畜牧兽医,2012,37(3):3-6.
[53] 潘宝海,孙冬岩,田耀耀.胍基乙酸对育肥猪生长性能、胴体品质及肉品质的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2016,52(19):38-41.
[54] 张俊玲,崔军,马佳,等.胍基乙酸对AA肉仔鸡生长性能和死淘率的影响[J].饲料博览,2016(12):6-8,11.
[55] 郑伟萍,王洪军,张民,等.葡萄糖氧化酶和过氧化氢酶对肉鸡生长性能及养分代谢率的影响[J].饲料工业,2019,40(4):35-39.
[56] 乔淑文,王芳,郝宏儒.木聚糖酶和葡聚糖酶对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、胴体成分及血液指标的影响[J].中国饲料,2019(4):72-76.
[57] 周传凤,刘迎春,刘晓龙,等.小麦-杂粕型饲粮添加复合酶制剂对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和血清生化指标的影响[J].中国饲料,2018(19):28-32.
[58] 韩启春.益生菌发酵饲料对育肥猪生长性能和肉品质的影响[D].硕士学位论文.杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2018.
[59] 程皇座.两种益生菌制剂对育肥猪生产性能和肉品质的影响[D].硕士学位论文.哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2019.
[60] 段明房,胡红伟,闫凌鹏,等.发酵杜仲叶粉对生长育肥猪生长性能和肉品质的影响[J].中国饲料,2018(5):66-70.
[61] 郭欣怡,张曼,韩飞,等.不同益生菌制剂对肉鸡生产性能、免疫功能和肠道菌群的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2016,37(11):79-83.
[62] 于航宇.α-酮戊二酸对肥育猪生长性能、氮代谢及组织氨基酸水平的影响[D].硕士学位论文.长春:吉林农业大学,2019.
[63] 杨淑霞,线萍,关樁慧.N-乙酰半胱氨酸对热应激条件下肉仔鸡生长性能、肠道能量和抗氧化状态及空肠形态的影响[J].中国饲料,2018(10):19-24.
[64] 邓波波,冯宝宝,刘明美,等.不同复合氨基酸铁、锌络合物添加量对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2020,25(2):67-76.
[65] 宋善丹.日粮不同的NFC/NDF比例和外源纤维素酶对山羊生长性能、养分表观消化率及瘤胃发酵参数的影响[D].硕士学位论文.成都:西南民族大学,2016.
[66] STEINHART T L.Swine feed efficiency:influence of particle size[DB/OL].Iowa Pork Industry Center Fact Sheets.2012.[2020-09-05].http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ipic_factsheets/13.
[67] ROJAS O J,STEIN H H.Effects of reducing the particle size of corn grain on the concentration of digestible and metabolizable energy and on the digestibility of energy and nutrients in corn grain fed to growing pigs[J].Livestock Science,2015,181:187-193.
[68] 段海涛,秦玉昌,于纪宾,等.粉碎粒度对生长猪颗粒饲料加工质量及其生长性能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(7):2038-2043.
[69] 倪海球.膨化棉粕加工参数及对生长育肥猪生长性能的影响研究[D].硕士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院,2017.
[70] HUANG C,ZANG J J,SONG P X,et al.Effects of particle size and drying methods of corn on growth performance,digestibility and haematological and immunological characteristics of weaned piglets[J].Archives of Animal Nutrition,2015,69(1):30-45.
[71] 葛春雨.不同淀粉糊化度饲料对颗粒饲料质量及断奶仔猪生长性能影响研究[D].硕士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院,2019.
[72] 段海涛.高效调质低温制粒畜禽饲料加工工艺及其对生长育肥猪生长性能的影响研究[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院,2018.
[73] 马世峰,李军国,于纪宾,等.不同工艺参数组合对肉鸡颗粒饲料加工质量、生长性能和养分表观消化率的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(4):1148-1158.
[74] 邓君明,张曦.加工工艺对饲料营养价值及动物生产性能的影响[J].饲料工业,2001,22(9):10-14.
[75] 张亮,杨在宾,杨维仁,等.不同料型和粉碎粒度对肉鸡生产性能、屠宰性能和消化道发育的影响[J].山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,47(1):139-146.
[76] JAFARNEJAD S,FARKHOY M,SADEGH M,et al.Effect of crumble-pellet and mash diets with different levels of dietary protein and energy on the performance of broilers at the end of the third week[J].Veterinary Medicine International,2010,2010:328123.
[77] 张亮,杨在宾,杨维仁,等.粉碎与制粒对肉鸡养分利用率的影响[J].中国粮油学报,2014,29(5):95-99,105.
[78] 王昊,于纪宾,于治芹,等.环模模孔参数对颗粒饲料加工质量及肉鸡生长性能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(9):3352-3358.
[79] 韩晴,李军国,于纪宾,等.颗粒直径对饲料加工质量和肉鸡生长性能的影响[J].饲料工业,2017,38(21):32-36.
[80] NEMECHEK J E,FRUGE E,HANSEN E,et al.Effects of diet form and feeder adjustment on growth performance of growing-finishing pigs[J].Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports,2012(10):290-304.
[81] 刘松柏,谭会泽,温志芬,等.不同含粉率颗粒饲料对黄羽肉鸡生长性能的影响[J].饲料工业,2016,37(15):20-22.
[82] HANCOCK J D,BEHNKE K C.饲料原料及加工技术对猪饲料质量的影响(下)[J].武书庚译.中国畜牧杂志,2007,43(12):19-26.
[83] HURST D,CLARKE L,LEAN I J.Effect of liquid feeding at different water-to-feed ratios on the growth performance of growing-finishing pigs[J].Animal,2008,2(9):1297-1302.
[84] 欧维金,吕玉金,王泽仁.发酵液态饲料对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响[J].现代牧业,2019,3(2):12-16.
[85] 胡新旭,周映华,卞巧,等.无抗发酵饲料对生长育肥猪生产性能、血液生化指标和肉品质的影响[J].华中农业大学学报,2015,34(1):72-77.
[86] 李洁,张孟阳,郭宏,等.仔猪液体发酵饲料工艺的研制[J].饲料工业,2017,38(15):15-21.
