Effects of Milk Replacer with Different Fat Levels on Growth Performance, Serum Immunity and Antioxidant Indexes of Yak Calves

BAO Yuhong; FENG Ke; LIAO Yangci; Pubuzhuoma; Pubuciren; Canmuyou

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.12.024

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 12: 5704 - 5711

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.12.024

Effects of Milk Replacer with Different Fat Levels on Growth Performance, Serum Immunity and Antioxidant Indexes of Yak Calves

BAO Yuhong ,
FENG Ke ,
LIAO Yangci ,
Pubuzhuoma ,
Pubuciren ,
Canmuyou

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1. State Key Laboratory of Highland Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa 850000, China;
2. Institute of Pratacultural, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850000, China;
3. Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Lhasa, Lhasa 850000, China

Received date: 2020-05-25

Online published: 2020-12-07

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Abstract

With the purpose of exploring the scientific early-weaning pattern of yak calves in Qinghai-Tibet plateau, and appropriate fat level in their milk replacer, Tibetan mountain yaks were chosen for this research to evaluate the effects of milk replacer with different fat levels on growth performance, serum immunity and antioxidant indexes of yak calves. A total of 40 newborn yak calves with similar age and body weight were divided into 4 groups randomly (n=10). Calves in control group (CON group) were breastfed by dam and weaned naturally. Experimental calves in the other 3 groups were fed milk replacers containing different levels of fat: 22% (low fat, LF group), 25% (middle fat, MF group), 28% (high fat, HF group) and equal protein level (24%) from 10 to 90 days after birth, respectively. The results showed as follows: 1) in comparison with CON group, calves in MF and HF groups had significantly higher body weight on 60 and 90 day of age, and average daily gain (ADG) during 1 to 90 days of age (P<0.05). The highest body weight of calves appeared in MF group. 2) Serum non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) content in MF group was significantly lower than that in CON group (P<0.05). 3) As for immunity and antioxidant indexes, calves fed MF and HF milk replacers had significantly increased serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) content and reduced tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) content (P<0.05). Serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) content in MF group was also significantly greater than that in CON group (P<0.05). Enzyme activity of catalase (CAT) in serum was significantly increased by MF and HF milk replacers (P<0.05). Calves in MF group had significantly higher serum super oxide dismutase (SOD) activity and lower serum content of malondialdehyde (MDA) than those in CON group (P<0.05). 4) Serum insulin growth factor-Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ) content in MF and HF groups was significantly increased and growth hormone (GH) content was significantly higher in MF group when compared with CON group (P<0.05). In summary, there is a positive impact of early-weaning and milk replacer feeding on growth performance of yak calves in comparison with breastfeeding of dam. Growth, immunity and antioxidant functions of yak calves can be improved by increasing fat level in milk replacer properly. Taken together, milk replacer with 25% fat level is more applicable to yak calves.

Key words： yak calf; milk replacer; fat level; growth performance; serum biochemical indexes

Cite this article

BAO Yuhong , FENG Ke , LIAO Yangci , Pubuzhuoma , Pubuciren , Canmuyou . Effects of Milk Replacer with Different Fat Levels on Growth Performance, Serum Immunity and Antioxidant Indexes of Yak Calves[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2020 , 32(12) : 5704 -5711 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.12.024

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