Study on Intestinal Microflora Structure of Pure-Bred Kele Pigs and Berkshire&times;Kele Hybrid Pigs

YANG Lian; YAN Zhihong; HUANG Weijiang; YANG Shiyu; WU Guangsong; GU Liju; LIN Pengfei; YANG Rong; LI Ping; REN Liqun; ZHANG Yun

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.03.019

Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition >

2021 , Vol. 33 >Issue 3: 1359 - 1371

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.03.019

Study on Intestinal Microflora Structure of Pure-Bred Kele Pigs and Berkshire×Kele Hybrid Pigs

YANG Lian ,
YAN Zhihong ,
HUANG Weijiang ,
YANG Shiyu ,
WU Guangsong ,
GU Liju ,
LIN Pengfei ,
YANG Rong ,
LI Ping ,
REN Liqun ,
ZHANG Yun

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1. Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountain Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550000, China;
2. Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550000, China;
3. College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550000, China;
4. Kaiyang County Livestock and Poultry Variety Improvement Station, Guiyang 550000, China;
5. Guizhou Younong Valley Ecological Industry Co., Ltd., Bijie 551700, China;
6. Guizhou Material Modern Logistics Group Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550000, China;
7. Guizhou Provincial Livestock and Poultry Germplasm Testing Center, Guiyang 550000, China;
8. Guizhou Agricultural Regional Economic Development Center, Guiyang 550000, China

Received date: 2020-09-07

Online published: 2021-03-18

Supported by

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Abstract

This experiment studied the structural characteristics and differences of intestinal microflora of pure-bred Kele pigs and Berkshire×Kele hybrid pigs, aiming to reveal the rough feed tolerance characteristics of Kele pigs and the ability to adapt to green feed of Berkshire×Kele hybrid pigs from the perspective of pig gut microbes, and to provide a basis for the design of microbial additives in the later stage, the cross-utilization of Kele pigs and standardized breeding. Pure-bred Kele pigs and Berkshire×Kele hybrid pigs were raised under the same conditions. After reaching the slaughter weight (about 100 kg), three pigs were randomly selected for slaughter, and the contents of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon were taken to perform high-throughput sequencing and biological information analysis. The results showed that there were no significant differences in Alpha diversity indexes in each intestinal segment between Berkshire×Kele hybrid pigs and pure-bred Kele pigs (P>0.05). In Beta diversity analysis, most samples in the two breeds of pigs crossed and gathered together. Intestinal microflora structure analysis showed that, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria were the dominant bacterial phyla in the stage of small intestine of Berkshire×Kele hybrid pigs and pure-bred Kele pigs, and Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the dominant bacterial phyla in the stage of colon. There were a lot of cellulose decomposition microbes in the colon of Berkshire×Kele hybrid pigs and pure-bred Kele pigs. The relative abundances of Selenomonas and Desulfovibrio in the colon of Berkshire×Kele hybrid pigs were significantly higher than those of pure-bred Kele pigs (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the relative abundances of Peptococcus, Acetitomaculum and Leeia were significantly lower than those of pure-bred Kele pigs (P<0.05). LEfSe analysis found that a lot of short chain fatty acid producing bacteria enriched in the pure-bred Kele pigs’ colon. Among them, Acetitomaculum, uncultured_rumen_bacterium_4C0d_17, Leeia, Bacteroidia and Bacteroidales belonged to fiber-degrading bacteria, and some bacteria had synergistic effects with the fiber-degrading bacteria, they were Phascolarctobacterium and uncultured_Veillonellaceae_bacterium. The fiber-degrading bacteria such as Selenomonas and Clostridium leptum enriched in the Berkshire×Kele hybrid pigs’ colon. Above results indicate that, in the structure of entire intestinal microflora, the type of dominant bacteria in pure-bred Kele pigs and Berkshire×Kele hybrid pigs is almost similar, which reflects the same environmental effects, and the structure of the intestinal microflora of pure-bred Kele pigs and Berkshire×Kele hybrid pigs is relatively stable and the similarity is high; at genus level, the fiber-degrading bacteria show some differences between pure-bred Kele pigs and Berkshire×Kele hybrid pigs, and fiber-degrading bacteria accounts for a higher proportion in cecal microflora of pure-bred Kele pigs, which indicates that the introduction of exogenous blood has a certain impact on the intestinal microflora, and Berkshire×Kele hybrid pigs are weaker in digesting crude fiber than pure-bred Kele pigs.

Key words： pure-bred Kele pigs; Berkshire×Kele hybrid pigs; intestinal microflora; high-throughput sequencing; bioinformatic analysis

Cite this article

YANG Lian , YAN Zhihong , HUANG Weijiang , YANG Shiyu , WU Guangsong , GU Liju , LIN Pengfei , YANG Rong , LI Ping , REN Liqun , ZHANG Yun . Study on Intestinal Microflora Structure of Pure-Bred Kele Pigs and Berkshire×Kele Hybrid Pigs[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2021 , 33(3) : 1359 -1371 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.03.019

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