Effects of Slaughter Weight on Carcass Traits and Meat Quality of Finishing Pigs

  • XIONG Yunxia ,
  • XIAO Hao ,
  • WU Qiwen ,
  • LIU Shuai ,
  • WEN Xiaolu ,
  • YANG Xuefeng ,
  • JIANG Zongyong ,
  • WANG Li
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  • State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China Ministry of Agriculture, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China

Received date: 2020-08-31

  Online published: 2021-04-15

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of slaughter weight on carcass traits and meat quality of lean meat type finishing pigs. Fifty of four hybrid pigs (Pietrain×Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire) weighed at 110 (n=10), 120 (n=10), 130 (n=10), 140 (n=10) and 150 kg (n=10) were selected to slaughter and carcass traits were determined. Physicochemical properties, muscle fiber, fatty acid contents and sensory quality characteristics of the longissimus dorsi muscle samples were measured to comprehensive inspection of meat quality changing by slaughter weight. The results showed as follows:1) within the slaughter weight range of 110 to 150 kg, carcass weight, dressing percentage, average back-fat thickness, leaf fat weight, carcass length, body side length, body length, body height, chest circumference and abdominal circumference were significantly positively correlated with slaughter weight (P<0.05), while there was no significant change in loin-eye area between any slaughter weight stage (P>0.05). The weight of heart, liver, spleen, kidney, gastric, large intestine, small intestine, and gastric index and small intestine index all increased by the increase of slaughter weight (P<0.05). 2) There was no significant difference in meat color, pH, drip loss, shear force, marbling scoring, intramuscular fat and moisture contents between any stage of slaughter weight (P>0.05). 3) Within the slaughter weight range of 110 to 150 kg, the diameter of muscle fiber increased with the increase of slaughter weight (P<0.05), while the density of muscle fiber decreased with the increase of slaughter weight (P<0.05). 4) The fatty acid contents reached the highest at 140 kg, with oleic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid being the most abundant,and the slaughter weight had no effect on the ratio of n-3 to n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (P>0.05). 5) Muscle juiciness reached the highest level at 130 kg, and there was no significant difference in other taste evaluation, such as appearance, smell, flavor, abnormal flavor, chewiness, turbidness of soup and freshness of soup (P>0.05). It is recommended that the slaughtering weight of the four hybrid commercial finishing pigs should not exceed 140 kg, considering the carcass traits and muscle quality.

Cite this article

XIONG Yunxia , XIAO Hao , WU Qiwen , LIU Shuai , WEN Xiaolu , YANG Xuefeng , JIANG Zongyong , WANG Li . Effects of Slaughter Weight on Carcass Traits and Meat Quality of Finishing Pigs[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2021 , 33(4) : 1986 -2000 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.04.019

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