Effects of Dietary Protein Level of Female Donkeys during Late Gestation on Protein, Fat and Amino Acid Contents in Colostrum and Regular Milk

LIANG Xiaoshuai; SHEN Yajun; QI Jingyu; HAO Ying; LI Yinghao; ZHAO Yanli; GUO Xiaoyu; SHI Binlin; YAN Sumei

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.05.040

2021 , Vol. 33 >Issue 5: 2815 - 2826

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.05.040

Effects of Dietary Protein Level of Female Donkeys during Late Gestation on Protein, Fat and Amino Acid Contents in Colostrum and Regular Milk

LIANG Xiaoshuai ,
SHEN Yajun ,
QI Jingyu ,
HAO Ying ,
LI Yinghao ,
ZHAO Yanli ,
GUO Xiaoyu ,
SHI Binlin ,
YAN Sumei

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1. Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China;
2. Inner Mongolia Grassland Yulu Science and Technology Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Horinger 011500, China

Received date: 2020-10-29

Online published: 2021-05-14

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Abstract

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of dietary protein level of female donkeys during late gestation on protein, fat and amino acid contents in colostrum and regular milk, and to provide a theoretical basis for the proper supply of dietary protein and the optimal production of donkey milk. Two-factor completely random experiment design were used in this experiment, factor 1 was dietary protein level during late gestation, and factor 2 was postpartum time. Twenty-four pregnant female donkeys with similar age [(7.15±1.69) years], body weight [(270.11±63.24) kg], parity [(1.63±0.48) parities] and pre-production days [(58.66±4.28) d] were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups with 8 donkeys per group. Donkeys in the 3 groups were fed diets with high (12.48%, HP group), medium (11.52%, MP group) and low (10.54%, LP group) protein levels during late gestation, respectively, and fed the same diet after postpartum 14 days. Milk samples were collected at 2, 6, 12, 24, 48 h and 3, 5, 7 and 14 d after postpartum. The results showed that the contents of dry matter, aspartic acid (Asp), alanine (Ala), tyrosine (Tyr), arginine (Arg), phenylalanine (Phe), valine (Val), isoleucine (Ile), leucine (Leu), histidine (His), essential amino acids (EAA), non-essential amino acids (NEAA), delicious amino acids (DAA) and branched chain amino acids (BCAA) in milk in the HP and MP groups were significantly higher than those in the LP group (P<0.05). The contents of serine (Ser), glycine (Gly) and threonine (Thr) in the HP, MP and LP groups decreased significantly in turn (P<0.05). The contents of protein and total amino acids (TAA), EAA/TAA and EAA/NEAA in milk in the HP group were the highest, which were significantly higher than those in the MP and LP groups (P<0.05), and the changes of milk fat content among three groups was just the opposite. In colostrum at 2 h after postpartum, the contents of dry matter, protein, fat, 17 kinds of single amino acids, EAA, NEAA, DAA and BCAA were the highest, which were rapidly reduced from 6 to 12 h after postpartum and leveled off after 24 h, protein and various AA contents were reduced to the lowest at 14 d after postpartum, and fat content was reduced to a stable level at 5 d after postpartum. EAA/NEAA and EAA/TAA were lower at 2, 6, 72 h and 14 d after postpartum, and higher at other time points, especially the highest at 24 h after postpartum. In conclusion, compared with the low protein level diet, feeing medium and high protein level diets in later gestation period of female donkeys can increase the contents of dry matter, protein and most single amino acid in colostrum of donkeys, and improve the quality of milk protein. With the prolongation of postpartum time, the contents of fat, protein and most amino acids in donkey milk gradually decrease, reach the highest level at 2 h after postpartum, then level off after 24 h after postpartum, and reach the lowest level at 14 d.

Key words： protein; late gestation; female donkeys; colostrum; regular milk; milk composition

Cite this article

LIANG Xiaoshuai , SHEN Yajun , QI Jingyu , HAO Ying , LI Yinghao , ZHAO Yanli , GUO Xiaoyu , SHI Binlin , YAN Sumei . Effects of Dietary Protein Level of Female Donkeys during Late Gestation on Protein, Fat and Amino Acid Contents in Colostrum and Regular Milk[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2021 , 33(5) : 2815 -2826 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.05.040

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