Effects of Cysteine Supplementation in Low Protein Diet on Growth Performance, Carcass Composition, Serum Biochemical Parameters and Nitrogen Metabolism of Broilers

FENG Qianqian; WANG Jing; WU Shugeng; QIU Kai; QI Guanghai; ZHANG Haijun

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.06.028

2021 , Vol. 33 >Issue 6: 3259 - 3270

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.06.028

POULTRY NUTRITION AND FEED

Effects of Cysteine Supplementation in Low Protein Diet on Growth Performance, Carcass Composition, Serum Biochemical Parameters and Nitrogen Metabolism of Broilers

FENG Qianqian ,
WANG Jing ,
WU Shugeng ,
QIU Kai ,
QI Guanghai ,
ZHANG Haijun

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Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

Received date: 2020-12-01

Online published: 2021-06-10

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Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of cysteine (Cys) supplementation in low protein (LP) diet on growth performance, carcass composition, serum biochemical parameters and nitrogen metabolism of broilers, in order to determine the optimal supplemental level of Cys in LP diet of broilers. Four hundred and thirty-two 1-day-old healthy Arbor Acres (AA) male broilers with similar body weight were randomly allotted into 6 groups with 6 replicates per group and 12 broilers per replicate. The broilers in positive control (PC) group were fed the basal diet (the protein levels in early stage during 1 to 21 days of age and later stage during 22 to 42 days of age were 22% and 20%, respectively), the protein level of negative control (NC) group was reduced by 4.5% on the basis of PC group (the protein levels in early stage and later stage were 17.5% and 15.5%, respectively), and those in Cys groups were supplemented with 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15% and 0.20% Cys on the basis of the NC group, respectively. The levels of total sulfur amino acid were 0.83% and 0.79% in early stage and later stage, respectively. The experiment lasted for 42 days with 2 periods. The results showed as follows:1) the protein level in diet reduced by 4.5% significantly decreased average body weight (ABW) of broilers at 21 and 42 days of age and average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) during all stages (P<0.05), significantly increased the ratio of feed to gain (F/G) during early stage (P<0.05). Adding 0.10% and 0.15% Cys to LP diet significantly increased ABW at 21 and 42 days of age and ADG and ADFI during later stage and whole stage (P<0.05), and all of them increased linearly and quadratically with Cys supplemental level increasing(P<0.05), significantly decreased F/G during early stage (P<0.05), the addition of Cys recovered growth performance fed LP diet to similar level of that in PC group. 2) LP diet supplemented Cys did not significantly affected eviscerated percentage (EP) and leg muscle percentage (LMP) (P>0.05), but tended to increased LMP of broilers at 42 days of age (0.05 ≤ P<0.10). LP diet supplemented Cys linearly and quadratically decreased breast muscle percentage (BMP) (P<0.05), and significantly increased abdominal fat percentage (AFP) (P<0.05). 3) No significant differences in serum biochemical parameters were observed among all groups of broilers at 21 and 42 days of age (P>0.05). 4) LP diet supplemented Cys significantly decreased nitrogen intake, nitrogen excretion and nitrogen retention rate of broilers during 19 to 21 days of age and 40 to 42 days of age (P<0.05), and significantly elevated nitrogen retention rate during 19 to 21 days of age (P<0.05). 5) The quadric curve fitting results showes that optimal Cys supplemental level in LP diet for the best growth performance and nitrogen metabolism was 0.13% to 0.17%. In conclusion, LP diet supplemented 0.15% Cys can improve body weight gain, feed intake and F/G of broilers, and elevate nitrogen retention rate. Based on growth performance and nitrogen metabolism, the Cys supplemental level in LP diet of broilers is recommended to be 0.13% to 0.17% (Cys accounts for 45% to 49% of total sulfur amino acids).

Key words： broilers; low protein diet; cysteine; sulfur amino acids; growth performance; carcass composition; nitrogen metabolism

Cite this article

FENG Qianqian , WANG Jing , WU Shugeng , QIU Kai , QI Guanghai , ZHANG Haijun . Effects of Cysteine Supplementation in Low Protein Diet on Growth Performance, Carcass Composition, Serum Biochemical Parameters and Nitrogen Metabolism of Broilers[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2021 , 33(6) : 3259 -3270 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.06.028

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