Effects of Early Fecal Microbiota Transplantation on Intestinal Development, Intestinal Microbiota Composition and Intestinal Hormone Secretion of Piglets

ZHANG Zhuo; HUANG Jinxiu; YANG Feiyun; LAN Yunxian; ZHU Siyuan; LIU Jingbo; LIU Zuohua; QI Renli

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.07.017

2021 , Vol. 33 >Issue 7: 3745 - 3758

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.07.017

SWINE NUTRITION AND FEED

Effects of Early Fecal Microbiota Transplantation on Intestinal Development, Intestinal Microbiota Composition and Intestinal Hormone Secretion of Piglets

ZHANG Zhuo ,
HUANG Jinxiu ,
YANG Feiyun ,
LAN Yunxian ,
ZHU Siyuan ,
LIU Jingbo ,
LIU Zuohua ,
QI Renli

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1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China;
2. Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 402460, China;
4. School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China

Received date: 2020-12-13

Online published: 2021-07-06

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Abstract

The aim of this present study was to investigate the effects of early fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on intestinal development, intestinal microbiota composition and intestinal hormone secretion of piglets. Six litters of newborn "Landrace×Rongchang" newborn piglets with the same birth date were selected and divided into two groups with three litters in each group. The piglets in FMT group were given 1 mL of fecal microbiota suspension of healthy adult pigs every day at 3 to 7 days after birth, while the piglets in control group were given an equal volume of sterile saline. At 28 days of age, six healthy piglets with average body weight were selected and sacrificed. Their blood, intestine tissue and intestinal digesta were collected for the assay of intestinal morphology, hormone levels, gene expression and intestinal microbiota composition. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the piglets in control group, the average daily gain (ADG) of piglets in FMT group was increased by about 20% (P<0.01), the duodenal villi height was extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01), while the crypt depth was extremely significantly increased (P<0.01). 2) Compared with the piglets in control group, the levels of three intestinal hormones, cholecystokinin (CCK), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and ghrelin in serum of piglets in FMT group were increased at different degrees, and the GLP-1 and ghrelin reached significant level (P<0.05); the expression levels of CCK and ghrelin in ileum of piglets in FMT group were significantly or extremely significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the mRNA relative expression levels of CCK receptors-cholecystokinin A receptor (CCKAR) and cholecystokinin B receptor (CCKBR) were also significantly or extremely significantly up-regulated (P<0.05 or P<0.01), while ghrelin receptor-growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) showed a down-regulated trend (P>0.05); the expression level of GLP-1 in colon of piglets in FMT group was extremely significantly increased (P<0.01), however, the mRNA relative expression level of its receptor-glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) showed an upward trend (P>0.05). 3) FMT obviously changed intestinal microbial community in the recipient piglets and especially increased the alpha diversity of colonic microbiota. At phylum level, the relative abundance of Firmicutes in ileum of piglets in FMT group was increased, while the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was decreased compared with the piglets in control group. At genus level, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus in ileum of piglets in FMT group was decreased, while that of SMB53, Sarcina and Corynebacterium were increased compared with the piglets in control group. No obvious difference in colonic microbial composition between the two groups of piglets. 4) The Spearman correlation analysis was conducted between the relative abundances of top intestinal microbiota and intestinal hormone expression levels, and it was found that the relative abundances of Veillonella and Haemophilus in ileum were significantly negatively correlated with the expression level of GLP-1 (P<0.05); the relative abundance of Oscillospira in colon was extremely significantly positively correlated with GLP-1 expression level (P<0.01), and the relative abundance of Treponema in colon was significantly positively correlated with CCK expression level (P<0.05), while the relative abundances of Ruminococcus and Bacteroidetes in colon were significantly negatively correlated with CCK expression level (P<0.05). These results reveal that the early FMT can promote the growth and intestinal development of recipient piglets, and can affect the secretions and transmission of intestinal hormones by intervening intestinal microbiota composition.

Key words： fecal microbiota transplantation; piglet; intestinal hormones; cholecystokinin; glucagon-like peptide-1; ghrelin

Cite this article

ZHANG Zhuo , HUANG Jinxiu , YANG Feiyun , LAN Yunxian , ZHU Siyuan , LIU Jingbo , LIU Zuohua , QI Renli . Effects of Early Fecal Microbiota Transplantation on Intestinal Development, Intestinal Microbiota Composition and Intestinal Hormone Secretion of Piglets[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2021 , 33(7) : 3745 -3758 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.07.017

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