SWINE NUTRITION AND FEED

Effects of Chlortetracycline and Synbiotic with Lactulose and Bacillus coagulans on Relative Growth Rate and Fecal Metabolites of Weaned Piglets

  • YANG Yunnan ,
  • ZHAO Zuyan ,
  • LIU Riliang ,
  • ZHANG Yunlong ,
  • HU Hao ,
  • ZHENG Weijiang ,
  • YAO Wen
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  • 1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Health, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
    2. Jiangsu Yuanshan Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Yancheng 224001, China

Received date: 2021-03-14

  Online published: 2021-10-16

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Abstract

This experiment aimed to study the effects of synbiotic with lactulose and Bacillus coagulans on relative growth rate and fecal metabolites of weaned piglets. Eighteen 27 to 28 days of age Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire weaned castrated boars with similar body weight of (9.08±0.59) kg were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 1 pig in each replicate. The control group (CTR group) was fed an antibiotic-free basal diet, the antibiotic group (ANT group) was fed an antibiotic-free basal diet+75 mg/kg chlortetracycline, and the synbiotic group (SYN group) was fed an antibiotic-free basal diet+synbiotic with lactulose and Bacillus coagulans (10 g/kg laculose+2×109 CFU/kg Bacillus coagulans). The experiment lasted for 29 days. During the experiment, the body weight was recorded every week, and the fecal samples were collected on day 29 for metabolomics and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) analysis. The results showed as follows:1) during 1 to 4 weeks, a significant tendency was detected in RGR in 3 groups (P=0.052). Compared with CTR group, the RGR in SYN group was increased by 6.00%, while the RGR in ANT group was increased by 7.08%; and the RGR in ANT group was 1.01% greater than SYN group. 2) The fecal metabolomics results showed that compared with CTR group, both ANT group and SYN group could significantly affect the content of organic acids and amines; among them, except the content of L-pipecolic acid and pyridoxine were significant increased (P<0.05), there were no other differential metabolites. Compared with the ANT group, the contents of linoleic acid, trans-vaccenic acid, all cis-(6,9,12) linoleic acid, D-lactose, cyclohexylamine, nicotinate, adenine, and N6, N6, N6-trimethyl-L-lysine in SYN group were significantly increase (P<0.05), and the contents of 5-aminovaleric acid, D-galacturonic acid, and 2-oxoadipate were significantly decrease (P<0.05). 3) The KEGG pathway enrichment results showed that compared with CTR group, both SYN group and ANT group significantly affected the lysine degradation pathway (P<0.05); besides, the ANT group significantly affected three pathways including phenylalanine metabolism, vitamin digestion and arginine and proline metabolism (P<0.05); the SYN group significantly affected totally six pathways including galactose metabolism, taste transduction, carbohydrate digestion and absorption, ABC transporters, tryptophan metabolism and starch and sucrose metabolism (P<0.05). Compared with ANT group, the SYN group significantly affected four pathways including lysine degradation, linoleic acid metabolism, ABC transporters and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis (P<0.05). 4) There was no significant difference in concentration of SCFAs among three groups (P>0.05), but the proportion of propionic acid in SYN group was significantly lower than that in ANT group (P<0.05). 5) The correlation analysis results showed that the RGR of weaned piglets was significantly correlated with the contents of fecal metabolites including D-galacturonic acid, cyclohexylamine and mannose (P<0.05). In summary, symbiotic with lactulose and Bacillus coagulans in antibiotic-free diets can affect the growth and metabolites through various metabolic pathways including lysine degradation, galactose metabolism, starch and sucrose and carbohydrate digestion and absorption. Compare with CTR group, symbiotic with lactulose and Bacillus coagulans not only has a growth-promoting effect similar to that of chlortetracycline, but also partially affects the same metabolites and metabolic pathways in the feces as chlortetracycline. In addition, symbiotic with lactulose and Bacillus coagulans can more extensively affect the types of metabolites and metabolic pathways in feces than chlortetracycline.

Cite this article

YANG Yunnan , ZHAO Zuyan , LIU Riliang , ZHANG Yunlong , HU Hao , ZHENG Weijiang , YAO Wen . Effects of Chlortetracycline and Synbiotic with Lactulose and Bacillus coagulans on Relative Growth Rate and Fecal Metabolites of Weaned Piglets[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2021 , 33(10) : 5534 -5544 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.10.014

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