RUMINANT AND HERBIVORE NUTRITION AND FEED

Effects of Dietary Concentrate and Chromium Propionate Levels on Growth Performance, Fecal Fermentation Parameters and Microflora of Leizhou Goats

  • WEI Ziwei ,
  • CHI Zhou ,
  • DENG Ming ,
  • TIAN Hanchen ,
  • ZHONG Chunmei ,
  • SUN Baoli ,
  • GUO Yongqing
Expand
  • 1. College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
    2. Guangdong Hua Wei Yang Livestock Co., Ltd., Heyuan 517379, China

Received date: 2021-03-24

  Online published: 2021-10-16

Supported by

 

Abstract

The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of dietary concentrate and chromium propionate levels on growth performance, fecal fermentation parameters and microflora of Leizhou goats. Thirty-two Leizhou female goats aged from 4 to 5 months with body weight of (16.63±0.24) kg were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups with 8 goats in each group. The dietary concentrate level of the control group (group Ⅰ) was 200 g/(head·d), the concentrate additive group (group Ⅱ) was supplemented with 100 g/(head·d) concentrate based on the dietary concentrate level of the control group, the chromium propionate additive group (group Ⅲ) was supplemented with 2 mg/(head·d) chromium propionate based on the dietary concentrate level of the control group, and the concentrate and chromium propionate additive group (Ⅳ group) was supplemented with 100 g/(head·d) concentrate and 2 mg/(head·d) chromium propionate based on the dietary concentrate level of the control group. Each group was fed roughage freely. The pre feeding period was 7 days and the trial period was 42 days. The results showed as follows:1) dietary concentrate significantly increased the dry matter intake of concentrate, total weight gain and average daily gain of goats (P<0.05), and significantly decreased the dry matter intake of roughage and total dry matter intake (P<0.05). Dietary chromium propionate and the interaction of concentrate and chromium propionate had no significant effects on total dry matter intake, total weight gain and average daily gain of goats (P>0.05). 2) Dietary concentrate significantly increased the contents of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate and total volatile fatty acid in feces of goats (P<0.05), and significantly decreased the acetate/propionate (P<0.05). Dietary chromium propionate and the interaction of concentrate and chromium propionate had no significant effects on fecal fermentation parameters of goats (P>0.05). 3) Dietary concentrate significantly increased the ACE index, Chao index and Shannon index in fecal flora of goats (P<0.05), and significantly decreased the Simpson index (P<0.05). Dietary chromium propionate and the interaction of concentrate and chromium propionate had no significant effects on fecal flora α-diversity indexes of goats (P>0.05). 4) At the phylum level, dietary concentrate significantly increased the fecal Firmicutes relative abundance (P<0.05), and significantly decreased the relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia in feces (P<0.05); dietary chromium propionate significantly increased the fecal Actinobacteria relative abundance (P<0.05). At the genus level, dietary concentrate significantly increased the relative abundances of Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-010, Christensenellaceae_R-7 and Prevotella_1 in feces (P<0.05), and significantly decreased the relative abundances of Ackermann and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut in feces (P<0.05); dietary chromium propionate significantly increased the fecal Bacteroides relative abundance (P<0.05). It is concluded that dietary concentrate can increase the average daily gain and total weight gain of Leizhou goats, improve the fecal fermentation parameters, increase the diversity and richness of fecal flora, but it has the risk of reducing the hindgut immune function and causing inflammation. Dietary chromium propionate can increase the relative abundance of fecal fiber degrading bacteria, and inhibite the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria in intestine. The interaction effect between concentrate and chromium propionate is less.

Cite this article

WEI Ziwei , CHI Zhou , DENG Ming , TIAN Hanchen , ZHONG Chunmei , SUN Baoli , GUO Yongqing . Effects of Dietary Concentrate and Chromium Propionate Levels on Growth Performance, Fecal Fermentation Parameters and Microflora of Leizhou Goats[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2021 , 33(10) : 5781 -5793 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.10.037

References

[1] XIE Y Q, CHEN Z J, WANG D Y, et al.Effects of fermented herbal tea residues on the intestinal microbiota characteristics of Holstein heifers under heat stress[J].Frontiers in Microbiology, 2020, 11:1014.
[2] 刘玉洁.高谷物日粮对山羊瘤胃微生物区系和瘤胃、血清、肝脏中代谢物组成的影响[D].硕士学位论文.南京:南京农业大学, 2015. LIU Y J.The impact of high grain diets on rumen microflora and metabolites in the rumen fluid, serum and liver in goats[D].Master's Thesis.Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University, 2015.(in Chinese)
[3] MAO S Y, ZHANG R Y, WANG D S, et al.The diversity of the fecal bacterial community and its relationship with the concentration of volatile fatty acids in the feces during subacute rumen acidosis in dairy cows[J].BMC Veterinary Research, 2012, 8:237.
[4] 李宏, 宋淑珍, 高良霜, 等.饲养水平对阿勒泰羊胃肠道发育、瘤胃发酵参数及瘤胃微生物区系的影响[J].草业学报, 2021, 30(4):180-190. LI H, SONG S Z, GAO L S, et al.Effects of feeding level on the gastrointestinal development, rumen fermentation and rumen microbiota in Altay sheep[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(4):180-190.(in Chinese)
[5] 王尧悦.日粮营养水平对滩羊瘤胃细菌区系及pH和VFA的影响[D].硕士学位论文.杨凌:西北农林科技大学, 2017. WANG Y Y.Effects of dietary nutrient levels on the bacterial flora, pH and VFA levels in rumen of Tan sheep[D].Master's Thesis.Yangling:Northwest A&F University, 2017.(in Chinese)
[6] RAJALEKSHMI M, SUGUMAR C, CHIRAKKAL H, et al.Influence of chromium propionate on the carcass characteristics and immune response of commercial broiler birds under normal rearing conditions[J].Poultry Science, 2014, 93(3):574-580.  
[7] KARGAR S, MOUSAVI F, KARIMI-DEHKORDI S.Effects of chromium supplementation on weight gain, feeding behaviour, health and metabolic criteria of environmentally heat-loaded Holstein dairy calves from birth to weaning[J].Archives of Animal Nutrition, 2018, 72(6):443-457.  
[8] MOUSAVI F, KARIMI-DEHKORDI S, KARGAR S, et al.Effect of chromium supplementation on growth performance, meal pattern, metabolic and antioxidant status and insulin sensitivity of summer-exposed weaned dairy calves[J].Animal, 2019, 13(5):968-974.  
[9] YARI M, NIKKHAH A, ALIKHANI M, et al.Physiological calf responses to increased chromium supply in summer[J].Journal of Dairy Science, 2010, 93(9):4111-4120.  
[10] 张会会, 李孟伟, 唐振华, 等.夏季补饲半胱胺和烟酸铬对水牛泌乳性能、抗氧化性能、瘤胃发酵参数和微生物多样性的影响[J].动物营养学报, 2020, 32(12):5760-5777. ZHANG H H, LI M W, TANG Z H, et al.Effects of supplemental feeding of cysteamine and chromium nicotinate on lactation performance, antioxidant performance, rumen fermentation parameters and microbial diversity of buffalo in summer[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2020, 32(12):5760-5777.(in Chinese)
[11] ANDERSON R A.Nutritional factors influencing the glucose/insulin system:chromium[J].Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 1997, 16(5):404-410.  
[12] 冯宗慈, 高民.通过比色测定瘤胃液氨氮含量方法的改进[J].畜牧与饲料科学, 2010, 31(6):37. FENG Z C, GAO M.An improved method for determination of ammonia nitrogen content in gastric juice of tumor by colorimetry[J].Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2010, 31(6):37.(in Chinese)
[13] CAO Y C, YANG H J.Ruminal digestibility and fermentation characteristics in vitro of fenugreek and alfalfa hay combination with or without the inoculation of Neocallimastix sp. YAK11[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2011, 169(1/2):53-60.
[14] 刘嘉, 邓航, 苗小猛, 等.冬季补饲精料对贵州黑山羊育肥效果的影响[J].中国草食动物科学, 2020, 40(6):78-80. LIU J, DENG H, MIAO X M, et al.Effect of supplementary feeding concentrate on fattening effect of Guizhou black goat in winter[J].China Herbivore Science, 2020, 40(6):78-80.(in Chinese)
[15] KUMAR M, KAUR H, TYAGI A K, et al.Effect of feeding inorganic chromium on growth performance, endocrine variables, and energy metabolites in winter-exposed buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis)[J].Biological Trace Element Research, 2013, 155(3):352-360.  
[16] 占今舜, 杨群, 胡耀, 等.日粮精粗比对湖羊瘤胃发酵和菌群结构的影响[J].草业学报, 2020, 29(7):122-130. ZHAN J S, YANG Q, HU Y, et al.Effects of dietary concentration:roughage ratio on rumen fermentation and flora population structure in Hu sheep[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(7):122-130.(in Chinese)
[17] 胡丹丹.不同精粗比日粮下奶牛瘤胃发酵与菌群结构及血清生化指标变化的研究[D].硕士学位论文.银川:宁夏大学, 2019. HU D D.Study the changes of rumen fermentation, flora structure and serum biochemical parameters on dairy cows with different ratios of concentrate and roughage[D].Master's Thesis.Yinchuan:Ningxia University, 2019.(in Chinese)
[18] 姚军虎, 申静.瘤胃可降解淀粉:决定反刍动物消化道健康与养分利用的关键日粮因子[J].饲料工业, 2020, 41(8):1-7. YAO J H, SHEN J.Rumen degradable starch regulate the gut health and nutrient utilization in ruminants[J].Feed Industry, 2020, 41(8):1-7.(in Chinese)
[19] LI S, KHAFIPOUR E, KRAUSE D O, et al.Effects of subacute ruminal acidosis challenges on fermentation and endotoxins in the rumen and hindgut of dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science, 2012, 95(1):294-303.  
[20] YE H M, LIU J H, FENG P F, et al.Grain-rich diets altered the colonic fermentation and mucosa-associated bacterial communities and induced mucosal injuries in goats[J].Scientific Reports, 2016, 6:20329.
[21] BESONG S, JACKSON J A, TRAMMELL D S, et al.Influence of supplemental chromium on concentrations of liver triglyceride, blood metabolites and rumen VFA profile in steers fed a moderately high fat diet[J].Journal of Dairy Science, 2001, 84(7):1679-1685.  
[22] 曾钰, 高彦华, 彭忠利, 等.饲粮中添加酵母培养物对舍饲牦牛瘤胃发酵参数及微生物区系的影响[J].动物营养学报, 2020, 32(4):1721-1733. ZENG Y, GAO Y H, PENG Z L, et al.Effects of yeast culture supplementation in diets on rumen fermentation parameters and microflora of house-feeding yak[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2020, 32(4):1721-1733.(in Chinese)
[23] TIAN H C, CHEN Y Y, ZHU N, et al.Effect of Broussonetia papyrifera silage on the serum indicators, hindgut parameters and fecal bacterial community of Holstein heifers[J].AMB Express, 2020, 10(1):197.
[24] GRUNINGER R J, SENSEN C W, MCALLISTER T A, et al.Diversity of rumen bacteria in Canadian cervids[J].PLoS One, 2014, 9(2):e89682.
[25] LEY R E, BÄCKHED F, TURNBAUGH P, et al.Obesity alters gut microbial ecology[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2005, 102(31):11070-11075.  
[26] LINDENBERG F, KRYCH L, FIELDEN J, et al.Expression of immune regulatory genes correlate with the abundance of specific Clostridiales and Verrucomicrobia species in the equine ileum and cecum[J].Scientific Reports, 2019, 9(1):12674.
[27] 郭婷婷.甘露寡糖对高精料诱导的低乳脂奶牛瘤胃发酵及乳脂调控的研究[D].硕士学位论文.银川:宁夏大学, 2019. GUO T T.Effects of mannan oligosaccharides on rumen fermentation and milk fat regulation of low milk fat dairy cows induced by high concentrate[D].Master's Thesis.Yinchuan:Ningxia University, 2019.(in Chinese)
[28] BELZER C, DE VOS W M.Microbes inside-from diversity to function:the case of Akkermansia[J].The ISME Journal, 2012, 6(8):1449-1458.  
[29] LIU J H, XU T T, ZHU W Y, et al.High-grain feeding alters caecal bacterial microbiota composition and fermentation and results in caecal mucosal injury in goats[J].The British Journal of Nutrition, 2014, 112(3):416-427.  
[30] LI Y M, HU X L, YANG S, et al.Comparison between the fecal bacterial microbiota of healthy and diarrheic captive musk deer[J].Frontiers in Microbiology, 2018, 9:300.
[31] 王梦雅, 徐明, 高民, 等.奶牛亚急性瘤胃酸中毒研究进展[J].动物医学进展, 2018, 39(9):96-100. WANG M Y, XU M, GAO M, et al.Progress on subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy cows[J].Progress in Veterinary Medicine, 2018, 39(9):96-100.(in Chinese)
[32] LI F Y, LI C X, CHEN Y H, et al.Host genetics influence the rumen microbiota and heritable rumen microbial features associate with feed efficiency in cattle[J].Microbiome, 2019, 7(1):92.
[33] 张洁, 张力莉, 徐晓锋.反刍动物瘤胃内普雷沃氏菌的研究进展[J].中国饲料, 2020(7):17-21. ZHANG J, ZHANG L L, XU X F.Research progress of Prevotella in the rumen of ruminants[J].China Feed, 2020(7):17-21.(in Chinese)
[34] 王尧悦, 赵钊艳, 王兴涛, 等.日粮营养水平对150-180日龄滩羊瘤胃相关微生物菌群数量、pH和VFA含量的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报, 2016, 47(10):2060-2070. WANG Y Y, ZHAO Z Y, WANG X T, et al.Effect of dietary nutrient levels on the number of related microbes, pH and VFA levels in rumen of Tan sheep aged from 150 to 180 days[J].Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2016, 47(10):2060-2070.(in Chinese)
[35] 肖润, 郑旺, 郑琳, 等.桑枝叶粉对云南云岭牛瘤胃微生物区系的影响[J].草业科学, 2020, 37(10):2069-2078. XIAO R, ZHENG W, ZHENG L, et al.Effects of mulberry branch and leaf powder on rumen microflora of Yunnan Yunling cattle[J].Pratacultural Science, 2020, 37(10):2069-2078.(in Chinese)
Outlines

/