RUMINANT AND HERBIVORE NUTRITION AND FEED

Effects of Concentrate Supplementation on Growth Performance, Rumen Fermentation and Microbial Community Structure of Grazing Yaks in Cold Season

  • WANG Shuxiang ,
  • DAI Dongwen ,
  • YANG Yingkui ,
  • WANG Xun ,
  • CHAI Shatuo
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  • 1. Qinghai Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences in Qinghai University, Xi'ning 810016, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Plateau Grazing Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Qinghai Province, Xi'ning 810016, China;
    3. Yak Engineering Technology Research Center of Qinghai Province, Xi'ning 810016, China

Received date: 2021-04-01

  Online published: 2021-11-10

Supported by

 

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of concentrate supplementation on growth performance, rumen fermentation and microbial community structure of grazing yaks in the cold season. Twenty-four three-year-old male yaks with good body condition and similar body weight[(204.90±10.65) kg] were randomly divided into two groups (n=12). All yaks grazed in the same pasture. The yaks in control group only grazed without supplementary feeding, while the yaks in test group received 1.2% of body weight of daily concentrate supplementation per yak. The pre-experimental period lasted for 10 days, and the experimental period lasted for 90 days. The results showed as follows:1) the average daily gain of the test group was extremely significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.01). 2)The concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen, total volatile fatty acids, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid and isovaleric acid in rumen fluid of the test group were extremely significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.01), and the concentrations of microbial protein and acetic acid were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05), while the pH and acetic acid/propionic acid value were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). 3)A total of 2 945 operational taxonomic unit (OTU) were detected, of which 2 099 OTU were shared by the two groups, accounting for 79.90% of the total OTU, the control group possessed 528 unique OTU, while the test group had 316 unique OTU. Shannon index and PD whole tree of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). 4)At the phylum level, the abundances of Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria were significantly higher in rumen of the test group than those of the control group (P<0.05), the abundances of Verrucomicrobia and Spirochaete were extremely significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.01), while the abundance of Firmicutes was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). At the genus level, the abundances of Prevotella_1 and Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214 in rumen in the test group were extremely significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.01), and the abundances of Christensenellaceae_R-7 and Succiniclasticum were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). To sum up, supplemental feeding of concentrate can promote rumen fermentation and improve growth performance of grazing yaks in the cold season, reduce the diversity and abundance of rumen microbial community.

Cite this article

WANG Shuxiang , DAI Dongwen , YANG Yingkui , WANG Xun , CHAI Shatuo . Effects of Concentrate Supplementation on Growth Performance, Rumen Fermentation and Microbial Community Structure of Grazing Yaks in Cold Season[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2021 , 33(11) : 6266 -6276 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.11.027

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