[1] 李梦雅, 袁梅, 王之盛, 等.母带犊牛与离母犊牛生长性能和血清生化、抗氧化、免疫指标的比较研究[J].动物营养学报, 2019, 31(12):5571-5581. LI M Y, YUAN M, WANG Z S, et al.Comparative study on growth performance and serum biochemical, antioxidant and immune indexes between calves with dam and calves without dam[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2019, 31(12):5571-5581.(in Chinese)
[2] 李亮, 柴沙驼, 崔占鸿, 等.应用代乳粉培育放牧犊牦牛的生长效果和经济效益分析[J].饲料工业, 2010, 31(15):34-37. LI L, CHAI S T, CUI Z H, et al.Analysis of growing performance and economic benefits feeding breeding feed on yak calves[J].Feed Industry, 2010, 31(15):34-37.(in Chinese)
[3] 刘培培, 张娇娇, 刘书杰, 等.早期断奶对青海湖地区放牧牦牛和犊牛血液生理指标的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志, 2016, 52(19):79-84. LIU P P, ZHANG J J, LIU S J, et al.Effect of early weaning on grazing yak cows' and calves' blood physiological index in
Qinghai lake areas[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2016, 52(19):79-84.(in Chinese)
[4] 朱彦宾, 巴桑旺堆, 旦久罗布, 等.早期断奶对犊牛生产性能和母牦牛繁殖性能的影响[J].基因组学与应用生物学, 2019, 38(1):89-92. ZHU Y B, BASANG W D, DANJIU L B, et al.Effects of early weaning on production performance of calf and the reproductive performance of female yaks[J].Genomics and Applied Biology, 2019, 38(1):89-92.(in Chinese)
[5] LONG R J, DING L M, SHANG Z H, et al.The yak grazing system on the
Qinghai-Tibetan plateau and its status[J].The Rangeland Journal, 2008, 30(2):241-246.

[6] 德科加.营养舔砖对冷季放牧牦牛、藏羊的补饲效果[J].青海畜牧兽医杂志, 2004, 34(1):9-10. DE K J.Effect of nutrition lick brick as supplement feed on grazing yak and Tibetan sheep in cold season[J].Chinese Qinghai Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2004, 34(1):9-10.(in Chinese)
[7] 吴伟生, 罗晓林, 杨平贵, 等.麦洼牦牛冷季补饲试验研究[J].中国牛业科学, 2009, 35(1):26-29. WU W S, LUO X L, YANG P G, et al.Research on a supplement feeding system for grazing yak in cold season[J].China Cattle Science, 2009, 35(1):26-29.(in Chinese)
[8] 王万邦, 刘书杰, 柴沙驼, 等.补饲精料对放牧牦牛藏羊的增重影响[J].甘肃畜牧兽医, 1997(3):12-14. WANG W B, LIU S J, CHAI S T, et al.Effect of supplementary concentrate on weight gain of grazing yak and Tibetan sheep[J].Gansu Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 1997(3):12-14.(in Chinese)
[9] 沈维军, 王加启, 卜登攀, 等.2008-2009年反刍动物营养研究进展Ⅶ.矿物质元素[J].中国畜牧兽医, 2010, 37(5):5-9. SHEN W J, WANG J Q, BU D P, et al.Annual review of ruminant nutrition in 2008-2009Ⅶ.minerals[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2010, 37(5):5-9.(in Chinese)
[10] 李万栋.铁、锌、硒对牦牛瘤胃发酵、生长性能及血液生化指标的影响[D].硕士学位论文.西宁:青海大学, 2016. LI W D.Effect of trace element Fe, Zn, Se on rumen fermentation, production performance and serum biochemical indexes in yaks[D].Master's Thesis.Xining:Qinghai University, 2016.(in Chinese)
[11] 李星魁.反刍家畜瘤胃缓释弹丸的补饲效果[D].硕士学位论文.西宁:青海大学, 2007. LI X K.Study on supplementation effect of controlled-release bolus on ruminant[D].Master's Thesis.Xining:Qinghai University, 2007.(in Chinese)
[12] 张帆.矿物质微量元素营养舔砖对奶牛生产性能及健康的影响[D].硕士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学, 2017. ZHANG F.Effects of mineral trace elements nutrition lick brick on the production performance and health in dairy cows[D].Master's Thesis.Hohhot:Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2017.(in Chinese)
[13] 冯宗慈, 高民.通过比色测定瘤胃液氨氮含量方法的改进[J].畜牧与饲料科学, 2010, 31(6):37. FENG Z C, GAO M.Improvement of the method for the determination of ammonia nitrogen in gastric juice by colorimetry[J].Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2010, 31(6):37.(in Chinese)
[14] 徐晓锋.缩合单宁与水解单宁对奶牛日粮氮利用影响及作用机制的研究[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业大学, 2013. XU X F.Study on mechanism of nitrogen utilization in diet of dairy cows with condensed and hydrolyzable tannins addition[D].Ph.D.Thesis.Beijing:China Agricultural University, 2013.(in Chinese)
[15] 战忠臣, 王文玉, 杨文军.血清中铜、锌、锰原子吸收分析前处理方法比较[J].中国卫生工程学, 2009, 8(5):301-303. ZHAN Z C, WANG W Y, YANG W J.Comparison of pretreatment methods for determination of copper, zinc and manganese in serum by atomic absorption spectrometry[J].Chinese Journal of Public Health Engineering, 2009, 8(5):301-303.(in Chinese)
[16] 孙那申双合尔, 敖长金, 张福全, 等.补饲营养舔砖对肉牛生长性能的影响[J].饲料工业, 2015, 36(8):36-39. SUN N S S H E, AO C J, ZHANG F Q, et al.Effects of supplementation of nutrient blocks on growth performance in beef cattle[J].Feed Industry, 2015, 36(8):36-39.(in Chinese)
[17] 梅宁安, 沈志鹏, 蒙英玲, 等.育肥肉牛补饲营养舔砖效果试验[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医, 2007(11):37. MEI N A, SHEN Z P, MENG Y L, et al.Effect of supplementary feeding of nutritive licking brick on fattening beef cattle[J].Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, 2007(11):37.(in Chinese)
[18] 梁业森, 逄焕成, 温广庆, 等.牛羊复合营养舔块饲料生产技术研究[J].当代畜牧, 2004(8):20-22. LIANG Y S, PANG H C, WEN G Q, et al.Study on production technology of nutritive licking block feed for cattle and sheep[J].Contemporary Animal Husbandry, 2004(8):20-22.(in Chinese)
[19] 刘福元, 杨玉福, 陈玉林, 等.放牧绵羊微量元素舔砖研制与饲用效果研究[J].安徽农业科学, 2009, 37(15):7004-7007. LIU F Y, YANG Y F, CHEN Y L, et al.Study on preparation and feeding effect of trace element lick block for grazing sheep[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2009, 37(15):7004-7007.(in Chinese)
[20] 吴阿团, 裴兰顺, 贺丽娜, 等.复合矿物质舔砖对湖羊羔羊生长性能的影响试验[J].浙江畜牧兽医, 2011, 36(2):22-23. WU A T, PEI L S, HE L N, et al.Growth performance of
Hu sheep fed on the composite mineral lick blocks[J].Zhejiang Journal Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, 2011, 36(2):22-23.(in Chinese)
[21] 余慧, 熊晓华, 邓克勤.锰、钴、硒、锌等微量元素对羔羊生长的影响研究[J].甘肃畜牧兽医, 2002(12):28. YU H, XIONG X H, DENG K Q, et al.Effects of Mn, Co, Se, Zn and other trace elements on growth of lambs[J].Gansu Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2002(12):28.(in Chinese)
[22] 朱玲.微量元素营养舔砖对藏羊生长性能和屠宰性能的影响[J].当代畜禽养殖业, 2018(8):9-10. ZHU L.Effect of trace element nutrition licking brick on growth performance and slaughter performance of Tibetan sheep[J].Modern Livestock and Poultry Breeding Industry, 2018(8):9-10.(in Chinese)
[23] 李联萍.尿素糖浆营养舔砖对放牧牦牛和藏羊的补饲效果[J].畜牧兽医科学(电子版), 2019(6):12-13. LI L P.Effects of urea syrup nutritional lapping brick on feeding of grazing yaks and Tibetan sheep[J].Graziery Veterinary Sciences (Electronic Version), 2019(6):12-13.(in Chinese)
[24] 才让措.尿素糖浆营养舔砖对放牧牦牛和藏羊的补饲效果[J].畜牧兽医科学(电子版), 2020(5):3-4. CAI R C.Effect of urea syrup nutrient lick brick on grazing yak and Tibetan sheep[J].Graziery Veterinary Sciences (Electronic Version), 2020(5):3-4.(in Chinese)
[25] 冯宇哲, 刘书杰, 王万邦, 等.高寒地区放牧牦牛补饲尿素糖蜜营养舔块效果研究[J].中国草食动物, 2008, 28(3):40-42. FENG Y Z, LIU S J, WANG W B, et al.Study on the effect of feeding urea molasses nutrition lick block to grazing yaks in alpine region[J].China Herbivores, 2008, 28(3):40-42.(in Chinese)
[26] 吕武兴.肉牛微量矿物元素营养研究进展[J].湖南饲料, 2005(1):18-20. LYU W X.Research progress of microelement nutrition in beef cattle[J].Hunan Feed, 2005(1):18-20.(in Chinese)
[27] 孙那申双合尔.营养舔砖对肉牛瘤胃发酵、血液生理生化指标、生产性能及肉品质的影响[D].硕士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学, 2015. SUN N S S H E.Effects of supplementation of nutrient blockson rumen fermentation, blood physiological and biochemical parameters, production performamce and meat quality in beef cattle[D].Master's Thesis.Hohhot:Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2015.(in Chinese)
[28] KISTNER A, THERION J, KORNELIUS J H, et al.Effect of pH on specific growth rates of rumen bacteria[J].Annales de Recherches Veterinaires:Annals of Veterinary Research, 1979, 10(2/3):268-270.
[29] OWENS F N, BERGEN W G.Nitrogen metabolism of ruminant animals:historical perspective, current understanding and future implications[J].Journal of Animal Science, 1983, 57(Suppl.2):498-518.
[30] 焦光月, 裴彩霞, 刘强, 等.纳米铜对绵羊瘤胃液氨态氮及微生物蛋白的影响[J].饲料研究, 2015(1):40-42. JIAO G Y, PEI C X, LIU Q, et al.Effects of nano copper on ammonia nitrogen and microbial protein in rumen fluid of sheep[J].Feed Research, 2015(1):40-42.(in Chinese)
[31] VAN HOUTERT M.Challenging the rational for altering VFA ratios in growing ruminants[J].Feed Mix, 1996, 4(1):514-525.
[32] 王峰.日粮中不同锌水平对瘤胃微生物活力及代谢的影响[D].硕士学位论文.晋中:山西农业大学, 2001. WANG F.Effects of dietary zinc levels on rumen microbial activity and metabolism[D].Master's Thesis.Jinzhong:Shanxi Agricultural University, 2001.(in Chinese)
[33] PULS R.Mineral levels in animal health:diagnostic data[M].2nd ed.Clearbrook:Sherpa International, 1994.
[34] 潘晓亮.棉粕和棉籽壳诱发雄性新疆细毛羊尿石症的研究[D].博士学位论文.杭州:浙江大学, 2010. PAN X L.Cottonseed meal and hull inducing urolithiasis in male
Xinjiang fine-wool sheep and research to the mechanism[D].Ph.D.Thesis.Hangzhou:Zhejiang University, 2010.(in Chinese)
[35] 王慧, 王胜义, 齐志明, 等.复合营养舔砖对奶牛血清中微量元素水平的影响[J].动物医学进展, 2014(11):62-65. WANG H, WANG S Y, QI Z M, et al.Effects of multinutrient blocks on trace element contents of serum in dairy cows[J].Progress in Veterinary Medicine, 2014(11):62-65.(in Chinese)
[36] 梅宁安, 张巧娥.补饲营养舔砖对育肥羊血液、肝、肌肉中微量元素含量变化的影响[J].上海畜牧兽医通讯, 2017(3):22-23. MEI N A, ZHANG Q E.Effect of supplementary feeding nutrition licking brick on the content of trace elements in blood, liver and muscle of fattening sheep[J].Shanghai Journal of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2017(3):22-23.(in Chinese)
[37] 张苏江, 张忆华, 张玲.补饲矿物元素对卡拉库尔羊血液及瘤胃液矿物元素含量的影响[J].塔里木大学学报, 2005, 17(3):30-33. ZHANG S J, ZHANG Y H, ZHANG L.Influence of the levels of minerals in diet of Karakul sheep on the mineral contents in rumen liquid and blood[J].Journal of Tarim University, 2005, 17(3):30-33.(in Chinese)