Effects of Diets with Different Nutrient Levels on Growth Performance, Rumen Fermentation and Blood Parameters of Fattening Holstein Steers under Heat Stress Conditions

GAO Chaoyu; WANG Jingjing; QIU Qinghua; ZHU Yangxiang; QIU Xinjun; CAO Binghai; SU Huawei

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.11.054

2021 , Vol. 33 >Issue 11: 6555 - 6571

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.11.054

SHORT COMMUNICATION

Effects of Diets with Different Nutrient Levels on Growth Performance, Rumen Fermentation and Blood Parameters of Fattening Holstein Steers under Heat Stress Conditions

GAO Chaoyu ,
WANG Jingjing ,
QIU Qinghua ,
ZHU Yangxiang ,
QIU Xinjun ,
CAO Binghai ,
SU Huawei

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College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China

Received date: 2021-03-30

Online published: 2021-11-10

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Abstract

This experiment aimed to explore the effects of diets with different nutrient levels on the growth performance, rumen fermentation and blood parameters of fattening Holstein steers under heat stress conditions. Ten 20-month-old Holstein steers weighing (705.6±34.1) kg were selected and divided into two groups according to the random block design, and they in the 2 group were fed a high nutrient level diet with 78% total digestible nutrients (TDN) and 2% crude protein (CP) and a low nutrient level diet with 73% TDN and 11% CP, respectively. The pre-test period lasted for 15 days, and the test period lasted for 90 days. During the entire test period, the average temperature and humidity index (THI) of the barn was 74.42, indicating that the test cattle had already developed heat stress. The results showed as follows:1) during the whole test period, the dry matter intake (DMI) of the high nutrient level group was significantly lower than that of the low nutrient level group (P<0.05), the average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion efficiency (FCR) were numerically better than those of the low-nutrition group; during the days 60 to 90, the apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) of the high nutrient level group was significantly lower than that of the low nutrient level group (P<0.05). 2) On the 15th day, the concentrations of butyric acid and isovaleric acid in the rumen fluid of the high nutrient level group were significantly higher than those of the low nutrient level group (P<0.05); on the 30th day, the concentration of isovaleric acid in the rumen fluid of the high nutrient level group was extremely significantly higher than that of the low nutrient level group (P<0.01); on the 75th day, the ratio of acetic acid/propionic acid in the rumen fluid of the high nutrient level group was significantly lower than that of the low nutrient level group (P<0.05); on the 90th day, the concentrations of propionic acid and valeric acid in the rumen fluid of the high nutrient level group was significantly higher than that of the low nutrient level group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the ratio of acetic acid/propionic acid was significantly lower than that of the low nutrient level group (P<0.05). 3) On the 90th day, the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity in the serum of the high nutrient level group was significantly lower than that of the low nutrient level group (P<0.05); on the 45th day, the catalase (CAT) activity in the serum of the high nutrient level group was significantly lower than that of the low nutrient level group (P<0.05). In summary, increasing the nutrient level of the diet reduces the DMI of fattening Holstein steers under heat stress conditions, promotes the fermentation of propionic acid in the rumen, and relieves the damage of oxidative stress to the body to a certain extent.

Key words： nutrient level; Holstein steers; growth performance; rumen fermentation; serum biochemical indicators; oxidative stress

Cite this article

GAO Chaoyu , WANG Jingjing , QIU Qinghua , ZHU Yangxiang , QIU Xinjun , CAO Binghai , SU Huawei . Effects of Diets with Different Nutrient Levels on Growth Performance, Rumen Fermentation and Blood Parameters of Fattening Holstein Steers under Heat Stress Conditions[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2021 , 33(11) : 6555 -6571 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.11.054

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