Difference of Rumen Fermentation and Serum Metabolites in Dairy Cows of Different Milk Yields

SHEN Yiyuan; ZHAN Jingwei; LI Xin; NIU Hui; WU Fuxin; GUAN Shuwen; TONG Jinjin; JIANG Linshu; XIONG Benhai

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.01.033

Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition >

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 1: 349 - 357

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.01.033

RESEARCH PAPER

Difference of Rumen Fermentation and Serum Metabolites in Dairy Cows of Different Milk Yields

SHEN Yiyuan ,
ZHAN Jingwei ,
LI Xin ,
NIU Hui ,
WU Fuxin ,
GUAN Shuwen ,
TONG Jinjin ,
JIANG Linshu ,
XIONG Benhai

Expand

1. Key Laboratory for Dairy Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China;
2. Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100193, China

Received date: 2021-05-21

Online published: 2022-01-18

Fold

Abstract

The aim of this experiment was to study the differences in rumen fermentation and serum metabolism between cows with different milk yield, then explain the differences in performance of cows with different milk yield in terms of digestion and metabolism, and provide a theoretical basis for improving the performance of cows. A randomized blocks design was used to select 24 healthy lactating Holstein cows[(182.0±31.5) d], divided into a high lactating group[(50.0±4.8) kg/d] and a low lactating group[(30.0±3.9) kg/d] of 12 cows each, and all were fed total mixed rations. Milk composition, serum metabolic indexes and rumen fermentation parameters were determined by milk composition analyzer, enzyme immunity method, colorimetry and gas chromatography. The results showed as follows:1) milk protein, milk fat and lactose contents were extremely significantly higher in the high lactating group than in the low lactating group (P<0.01), total milk solid content was significantly higher than that in the low lactating group (P<0.05), and milk protein rate was extremely significantly lower than that in the low lactating group (P<0.01); 2) in the rumen fermentation parameters, total volatile acid, propionic acid and butyric acid contents were extremely significantly higher than those in the low lactating group (P<0.01), and acetic acid content was significantly higher than that in the low lactating group (P<0.05); 3) serum energy metabolism indexes glucose (GLU) and triglycerides (TG) contents were extremely significantly lower in the high lactating group than in the low lactating group (P<0.01), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) contents were significantly lower than those in the low lactating group (P<0.05), and β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) content was extremely significantly higher than that in the low lactating group (P<0.01); 4) serum antioxidant index malondialdehyde (MDA) content was significantly higher (P<0.05), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were significantly lower than those in the low lactating group (P<0.05); 5) serum immune indexes interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) contents were extremely significantly lower (P<0.01), immunoglobulin G (IgG) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) contents were significantly lower than those in the low lactating group (P<0.05), while immunoglobulin M (IgM) content was significantly higher than that in the low lactating group (P<0.05). In conclusion, there are significant differences in rumen fermentation and serum metabolism indexes between high and low lactating dairy cows.

Key words： rumen fermentation; energy metabolism; serum metabolic index; high and low lactating dairy cows

Cite this article

SHEN Yiyuan , ZHAN Jingwei , LI Xin , NIU Hui , WU Fuxin , GUAN Shuwen , TONG Jinjin , JIANG Linshu , XIONG Benhai . Difference of Rumen Fermentation and Serum Metabolites in Dairy Cows of Different Milk Yields[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2022 , 34(1) : 349 -357 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.01.033

References

[1] DE LA TORRE-SANTOS S,ROYO L J,MARTÍNEZ-FERNÁNDEZ A,et al.The mode of grass supply to dairy cows impacts on fatty acid and antioxidant profile of milk[J].Foods,2020,9(9):1256.
[2] DAVIS H,STERGIADIS S,CHATZIDIMITRIOU E,et al.Meeting breeding potential in organic and low-input dairy farming[J].Frontiers in Veterinary Science,2020,7:544149.
[3] XUE M Y,SUN H Z,WU X H,et al.Multi-omics reveals that the rumen microbiome and its metabolome together with the host metabolome contribute to individualized dairy cow performance[J].Microbiome,2020,8(1):64.
[4] ZHANG H,TONG J J,ZHANG Y H,et al.Metabolomics reveals potential biomarkers in the rumen fluid of dairy cows with different levels of milk production[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2020,33(1):79-90.

[5] TONG J J,ZHANG H,YANG D L,et al.Illumina sequencing analysis of the ruminal microbiota in high-yield and low-yield lactating dairy cows[J].PLoS One,2018,13(11):e0198225.
[6] 田超,王雪莹,邵琦,等.亚临床酮病对围产期奶牛生产性能和血液糖脂代谢指标的影响[J].饲料工业,2021,42(5):47-53. TIAN C,WANG X Y,SHAO Q,et al.Effects of subclinical ketosis on production performance and blood glucose and lipid metabolism indexes of perinatal dairy cows[J].Feed Industry,2021,42(5):47-53.(in Chinese)
[7] MAEDA M,KAWASUMI K,SATO S,et al.Evaluation of blood adiponectin levels as an index for subacute ruminal acidosis in cows:a preliminary study[J].Veterinary Research Communications,2019,43(4):215-224.

[8] 曲明姿.夏季高低产奶牛的生产性能和脂肪代谢的差异[D].硕士学位论文.南京:南京农业大学,2015. QU M Z.The difference between the performance and fat metabolism of high-and low-yielding dairy cows in summer[D].Master's Thesis.Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2015.(in Chinese)
[9] WEATHERBURN M W.Phenol-hypochlorite reaction for determination of ammonia[J].Analytical Chemistry,1967,39(8):971-974.

[10] QIN W L.Determination of rumen volatile fatty acids by means of gas chromatography (in Chinese,with English abstract)[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University,1983,3:82-89.
[11] 童津津,张华,吴富鑫,等.不同泌乳水平奶牛产奶量、乳成分和环境温湿指数的相关性研究[J].动物营养学报,2020,32(7):3171-3180. TONG J J,ZHANG H,WU F X,et al.Correlation analysis on milk yield,milk composition and temperature humidity index of dairy cows with different milk yield[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2020,32(7):3171-3180.(in Chinese)
[12] 王馨瑶.包头地区荷斯坦奶牛产奶量和乳成分的季节性变化规律研究[D].硕士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2014. WANG X Y.Study on seasonal variation characteristics of milk yield and raw milk composition of Baotou Holstein cow[D].Master's Thesis.Hohhot:Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,2014.(in Chinese)
[13] 徐子萱,李冬芳,于春微,等.微生物发酵饲料对奶牛瘤胃发酵功能及饲粮营养物质体外消化率的影响[J].动物营养学报,2021,33(3):1513-1522. XU Z X,LI D F,YU C W,et al.Effects of microbial fermented feed on rumen fermentation function of dairy cows and nutrient in vitro digestibilities of diets[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2021,33(3):1513-1522.(in Chinese)
[14] ZHAO S,ZHAO J,BU D,et al.Metabolomics analysis reveals large effect of roughage types on rumen microbial metabolic profile in dairy cows[J].Letters in Applied Microbiology,2014,59(1):79-85.

[15] ASCHENBACH J R,ZEBELI Q,PATRA A K,et al.Symposium review:the importance of the ruminal epithelial barrier for a healthy and productive cow[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2019,102(2):1866-1882.

[16] SOFYAN A,MITSUMORI M,OHMORI H,et al.Differences in rumen fermentation characteristics between low-yield and high-yield dairy cows in early lactation[J].Animal Science Journal,2017,88(7):974-982.

[17] SAKOWSKI T,KUCZYŃSKA B,PUPPEL K,et al.Relationships between physiological indicators in blood,and their yield,as well as chemical composition of milk obtained from organic dairy cows[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2012,92(14):2905-2912.

[18] 张辉,安娜,闫素梅,等.奶牛不同泌乳阶段的产奶性能与营养状况血液生化指标相关性研究[J].饲料工业,2015,36(15):46-51. ZHANG H,AN N,YAN S M,et al.Research on correlation between serum biochemical parameters of dairy cows and milk production performance[J].Feed Industry,2015,36(15):46-51.(in Chinese)
[19] 武雪会,孙会增,王迪铭,等.不同产奶量和乳蛋白率奶牛的血液生化和激素水平分析[J].中国畜牧杂志,2019,55(11):99-104. WU X H,SUN H Z,WANG D M,et al.Research on serum biochemical parameters and hormone profiles in cows with extremely different milk yield or milk protein content[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2019,55(11):99-104.(in Chinese)
[20] GRAZZIOTIN R C B,HALFEN J,ROSA F,et al.Altered rumen fermentation patterns in lactating dairy cows supplemented with phytochemicals improve milk production and efficiency[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2020,103(1):301-312.

[21] 牛慧,童津津,张华,等.高产与低产奶牛的乳成分差异及其对乳能量预测模型的影响[J].动物营养学报,2020,32(7):3214-3223. NIU H,TONG J J,ZHANG H,et al.Difference of milk composition in high and low yield dairy cows and its influence on milk energy prediction model[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2020,32(7):3214-3223.(in Chinese)
[22] NASR M A,TARABANY M S.Impact of three THI levels on somatic cell count,milk yield and composition of multiparous Holstein cows in a subtropical region[J].Journal of Thermal Biology,2017,64:73-77.
[23] LI M W,HASSAN F U,TANG Z H,et al.Mulberry leaf flavonoids improve milk production,antioxidant,and metabolic status of water buffaloes[J].Frontiers in Veterinary Science,2020,7:599.
[24] SENOH T,OIKAWA S,NAKADA K,et al.Increased serum malondialdehyde concentration in cows with subclinical ketosis[J].The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science,2019,81(6):817-820.

[25] LÖHRKE B,VIERGUTZ T,KANITZ W,et al.Short communication:hydroperoxides in circulating lipids from dairy cows:implications for bioactivity of endogenous-oxidized lipids[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2005,88(5):1708-1710.

[26] YEHIA S G,RAMADAN E S,MEGAHED E A,et al.Effect of parity on metabolic and oxidative stress profiles in Holstein dairy cows[J].Veterinary World,2020,13(12):2780-2786.

[27] DE KLERK B,EMAM M,THOMPSON-CRISPI K A,et al.A genome-wide association study for natural antibodies measured in blood of Canadian Holstein cows[J].BMC Genomics,2018,19(1):694.
[28] DIEZMA-DÍAZ C,FERRE I,SALDIAS B,et al.Added value of IgM detection and low avidity index as markers of acute bovine besnoitiosis[J].Veterinary Parasitology,2020,277:109012.
[29] REYNEVELD G I,SAVELKOUL H F J,PARMENTIER H K.Current understanding of natural antibodies and exploring the possibilities of modulation using veterinary models.a review[J].Frontiers in Immunology,2020,11:2139.

Options

Outlines

模态框（Modal）标题

Abstract

Cite this article

References