RESEARCH PAPER

Effects of Exercise on Muscle Fiber Histological Characteristics and Meat Quality of Sunit Sheep and Its Regulatory Mechanism

  • SUN Bing ,
  • HOU Yanru ,
  • BAI Yanping ,
  • HOU Puxin ,
  • SU Lin ,
  • JIN Ye ,
  • HA Sigaowa
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  • 1. College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China;
    2. Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Science and Technology Bureau, Wulate Middle Banner 015300, China

Received date: 2021-07-12

  Online published: 2022-02-15

Abstract

The effects of exercise on muscle fiber histological characteristics, meat quality of Sunit sheep were investigated in this experiment using 6-month-old Sunit sheep as research object. The fiber histological characteristics were analyzed by myosin heavy chain (MyHC) molecular classification method and ATPase staining method, and the meat quality indexes, the mRNA relative expression levels of energy metabolism related genes and the activities of metabolic enzymes were also measured. Fourteen Sunit sheep with the average body weight of (19.77±3.81) kg were randomly divided into 2 groups:control group and exercise group, each group had 7 sheep. The sheep in the control group and exercise group were raised in a semi-open sheep shed, and the exercise group carried out 6 km driving exercise every day under the same environment. The pre-test period lasted for 7 days and the test period lasted for 90 days. The results showed that the diameter and cross-sectional area of type Ⅰ muscle fiber, the number proportion, diameter, cross-sectional area and area proportion of type Ⅱa muscle fiber in the exercise group were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), while the density of muscle fiber, area proportion and number proportion of type IIb muscle fiber in the exercise group were significantly or extremely significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). 2) The activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and the mRNA relative expression levels of MyHCa, MyHCx, AMP-activated protein kinase α1 (AMPKα1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator-1α (PGC-1α), cytochrome C oxidase Ⅳ (COXⅣ) in muscle of sheep in the exercise group were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). 3) The initial pH, the values of redness (a*), yellowness (b*), brightness (L*), saturability of muscle in the exercise group were significantly or extremely significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the shear force and pH24 h were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In summary, exercise can enhance the muscle oxidative metabolism of Sunit sheep, promote the formation of oxidized muscle fiber, and effectively delay the pH decline after slaughter, but no improvement in muscle color and tenderness.

Cite this article

SUN Bing , HOU Yanru , BAI Yanping , HOU Puxin , SU Lin , JIN Ye , HA Sigaowa . Effects of Exercise on Muscle Fiber Histological Characteristics and Meat Quality of Sunit Sheep and Its Regulatory Mechanism[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2022 , 34(2) : 1140 -1150 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.02.045

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