Effects of Different Castration Degrees on Growth Performance, Serum Indexes and Rumen Fermentation of Junlian Cattle

  • LI Xiang ,
  • ALI Mujtaba Shah ,
  • WANG Zhisheng ,
  • HU Rui ,
  • LI Guangyang ,
  • YAO Xiaohe ,
  • WANG Yanyang ,
  • LIANG Xiurong ,
  • ZHANG Qiqi ,
  • ZOU Huawei ,
  • PENG Quanhui ,
  • XUE Bai ,
  • WANG Lizhi
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  • Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Breeding and Safe Production of Cattle, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China

Received date: 2021-09-11

  Online published: 2022-04-14

Abstract

The purpose of this experiment was to explore the growth performance, serum indexes and rumen fermentation of Junlian cattle with different degrees of castration. Eighteen Junlian bulls with similar age (9 months old) and body weight[(184.46±17.37) kg] were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups (full-castration group, hemicastration group and sham-operation group) with 6 cattle in each group, they fed the same diet and castrated in different degrees, then the feeding experiment was conducted for 240 days. The results showed as follows:1) compared with sham-operation, full-castration could significantly reduce the body weight and average daily gain of Junlian cattle (P ≤ 0.05), while hemicastration had no significant effects on them (P>0.05), and castration degree had no significant effects on dry matter intake and nutrient intake of Junlian cattle (P>0.05); 2) the serum concentrations of testosterone and growth hormone in full-castration group were significantly lower than those in sham-operation group (P ≤ 0.05), while the serum concentrations of estradiol, insulin and somatostatin were significantly higher than those in sham-operation group (P ≤ 0.05). Hemicastration had no significant effects on serum hormone concentrations (P>0.05). 3) Compared with sham-operation, full-castration significantly increased the serum low density lipoprotein concentrations and the activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase (P ≤ 0.05), while significantly decreased the serum concentrations of free fatty acids, total protein and globulin (P<0.05). 4) Compared with the sham-operation group, rumen fluid pH in full-castration group was significantly increased (P ≤ 0.05), but the rumen fluid concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, microbial protein and volatile fatty acids (except butyric acid and valeric acid) were significantly decreased (P ≤ 0.05). Hemicastration had no significant effects on rumen fermentation parameters (P>0.05). In conclusion, full-castration results in decreased growth performance, decreased serum testosterone concentration, increased estradiol concentration, decreased rumen metabolism, but promoted fat synthesis to a certain extent. Hemicastration due to the compensatory secretion of testosterone can make up for the loss of unilateral testis, making it insignificantly different from the sham-operation group.

Cite this article

LI Xiang , ALI Mujtaba Shah , WANG Zhisheng , HU Rui , LI Guangyang , YAO Xiaohe , WANG Yanyang , LIANG Xiurong , ZHANG Qiqi , ZOU Huawei , PENG Quanhui , XUE Bai , WANG Lizhi . Effects of Different Castration Degrees on Growth Performance, Serum Indexes and Rumen Fermentation of Junlian Cattle[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2022 , 34(4) : 2457 -2466 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.04.040

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