RESEARCHPAPER

Effects of Feeding Pattern on Rumen Tissue Structure and Rumen Bacterial Community Diversity and Composition of Datong Yaks (Bos grunniens)

  • YAO Xixi ,
  • WANG Wei ,
  • XU Chengti ,
  • ZHANG Ruiqiang ,
  • CHEN Yonglong ,
  • NIU Yong ,
  • ZHOU Shuangfu
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  • 1. College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;
    2. Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;
    3. Qinghai Dongmuwan Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Development Co., Ltd., Haidong 811600, China

Received date: 2021-11-21

  Online published: 2022-06-14

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of two different feeding patterns-grazing and barn feeding on the rumen tissue structure and rumen bacterial community diversity and composition of Datong yaks, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the growth, development and scientific breeding of Datong yaks. Thirty 2-year-old Datong male yaks with similar body weight[(213.50±13.12) kg] were randomly divided into grazing group and barn feeding group with 15 yaks in each group. Only yaks in grazing group were naturally grazed, and yaks in barn feeding group were fed with total mixed ration. The pre-test period lasted for 15 days and the trial period lasted for 190 days. After the experiment, two groups of yaks were slaughtered, and the rumen tissue structure and rumen bacterial community diversity were determined by rumen tissue section and 16S rDNA amplicon high-throughput sequencing technology, respectively. The results showed as follows:1) the length, width and epithelial thickness of rumen papilla in the barn feeding group were extremely significantly higher than those in the grazing group (P<0.01), and the stratum corneum thickness was significantly higher than that in the grazing group (P<0.05), but the muscle layer thickness was extremely significantly lower than that in the grazing group (P<0.01). 2) The Chao1 index, ACE index and Shannon index in the grazing group were extremely significantly higher than those in the barn feeding group (P<0.01), while the Simpson index was significantly lower than that in the barn feeding group (P<0.05). Principal coordinate analysis (PCA) showed that there was an extreme significant difference in Beta diversity of rumen bacterial community between the two feeding patterns (P<0.01). 3) At phylum level, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria were the dominant bacterial communities of yaks used the two feeding patterns. The relative abundances of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in rumen bacterial community in the barn feeding group were significantly higher than those in the grazing group (P<0.05), while the relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria were significantly or extremely significantly lower than those of the grazing group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). 4) At genus level, Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group, Ruminococcus_2 and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group were the dominant bacterial communities. The relative abundances of Christensenellaceae_R-7_group and Ruminococcus_2 in rumen bacterial community in the barn feeding group were extremely significantly higher than those in the grazing group (P<0.01), while the relative abundances of Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group were significantly or extremely significantly lower than those in the grazing group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). 5) There were correlations between the relative abundances of Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, Ruminococcus_2, Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20_group, Prevotellaceae_UCG-003 and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and rumen tissue structure. In conclusion, the feeding pattern significantly affects the rumen tissue structure and the diversity and composition of rumen bacterial community of Datong yaks, and the changes of rumen tissue structure is related to rumen bacterial community.

Cite this article

YAO Xixi , WANG Wei , XU Chengti , ZHANG Ruiqiang , CHEN Yonglong , NIU Yong , ZHOU Shuangfu . Effects of Feeding Pattern on Rumen Tissue Structure and Rumen Bacterial Community Diversity and Composition of Datong Yaks (Bos grunniens)[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2022 , 34(6) : 3777 -3787 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.06.038

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