RESEARCHPAPER

Protective Effects of Sodium Humate on Intestinal Damage in Mice Infected with Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88

  • WANG Dong ,
  • HE Yanjun ,
  • LIU Kexin ,
  • DENG Shouxiang ,
  • HUANG Siqi ,
  • LIU Yun
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  • Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Experimental Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China

Received date: 2021-11-22

  Online published: 2022-06-14

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the protective effects of sodium humate (HNa) on intestinal damage in mice infected with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 (ETEC K88). Thirty healthy specific pathogen free (SPF) Kunming mice were randomly allocated to 3 groups, control group, model group (ETEC group) and HNa intervention group (ETEC+HNa group). Mice in control group and ETEC group were gavaged with 0.2 mL saline every day, and mice in ETEC+HNa group were gavaged with 0.2 mL 5% HNa; on day 8 of the experiment, the mice in ETEC group and ETEC+HNa were gavaged with 0.2 mL 5×1010 CFU/mL ETEC K88. The experiment lasted for 10 days. The pathological changes of jejunum were observed by Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining method, the serum inflammatory cytokine contents were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, the mRNA expression of intestinal barrier related protein was detected by real time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR) method, the protein expression of tight junction, adhesion connection, intestinal tissue inflammasome and cells apoptosis related protein in jejunum was detected by Western blot method. The results showed as follows:1) compared with control group and ETEC+HNa group, the body weight and villus height, villus height/crypt depth in jejunum of ETEC group were significantly decreased (P<0.05). 2) Compared with control group and ETEC+HNa group, the numbers leukocytes, monocytes, granulocytes in blood and contents of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), diamine oxidase (DAO), D-lactic acid (D-Lac) in serum of ETEC group were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the contents of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in serum were significantly decreased (P<0.05). 3) Compared with control group and ETEC+HNa group, the mRNA relative expressions of Occludin, Claudin-1, epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) and mucin-2 (MUC-2) in jejunum of ETEC group were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the protein expressions of Claudin-1, ZO-1, E-cadherin and MUC-2 in jejunum were significantly decreased (P<0.05). 4) Compared with control group and ETEC+HNa group, the protein expressions of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1 (Caspase-1), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and B-cell lymphoma/leukaemia-2-associated X protein (Bax) of ETEC group were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the jejunal B-cell lymphoma/leukaemia-2 (Bcl-2) protein expression level was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 5) Compared with the control group, the fecal Escherichia coli number of ETEC group was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the fecal Lactobacillus number was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the ETEC group, the fecal Escherichia coli number of ETEC+HNa group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). In conclusion, HNa can alleviate ETEC K88 induced intestinal damage by inhibiting the activation of intestinal tissue inflammasome, apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells and regulating the expression of intestinal barrier related proteins.

Cite this article

WANG Dong , HE Yanjun , LIU Kexin , DENG Shouxiang , HUANG Siqi , LIU Yun . Protective Effects of Sodium Humate on Intestinal Damage in Mice Infected with Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2022 , 34(6) : 3991 -4002 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.06.058

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