RESEARCH PAPER

Effects of Dietary Threonine Levels on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indices, Immune Organ Indexes and Intestinal Morphological Development of Broilers

  • FU Chunyan ,
  • WANG Wenbin ,
  • LI Xia ,
  • YAN Peipei ,
  • DONG Yilei ,
  • YAN Lei ,
  • HUANG He ,
  • ZHU Yingbo ,
  • WEI Xiangfa ,
  • SHI Tianhong ,
  • LIU Xuelan
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  • 1. Poultry Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250023, China;
    2. Shandong New Hope Liuhe Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266100, China;
    3. Dongying Blue Horizon Ecological Farming Company Co., Ltd., Dongying 257100, China

Received date: 2021-12-12

  Online published: 2022-07-14

Abstract

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary threonine level on growth performance, serum biochemical indices, immune organ indexes and intestinal morphological development of broilers. A total of 480 one-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 20 birds per replicate. Broilers in the control group were fed a basal diet, and the others in the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.24%, 0.45% and 0.65% threonine, respectively. The experiment period lasted for 42 d. The results showed as follows:1) the body weight (BW) at 21 days of age and average daily weight gain (ADG) at 1 to 21 days of age in 0.24% and 0.65% threonine groups were significantly higher than those in 0.45% threonine group (P<0.05) and the control group (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, adding 0.24% and 0.65% threonine increased BW at 42 days of age and ADG and average daily feed intake (ADFI) during 22 to 42 days of age and 1 to 42 days of age of broilers (P>0.05). Adding 0.45% threonine decreased the feed conversion ratio of broilers during 1 to 21 days of age, 22 to 42 days of age, and 1 to 42 days of age (P>0.05). 2) The thymus index of broilers at 42 days of age in 0.24% threonine group was significantly higher than that in 0.45% and 0.65% threonine groups (P<0.05), and the bursa of Fabricius index was significantly higher than that in control group and 0.45% threonine group (P<0.05). The spleen index of 42 days of age in control group was significantly higher than that in 0.24% and 0.65% threonine groups (P<0.05). Accompanied by the increase of threonine supplementation level, the thymus index of 42 days of age was changed quadratically (P<0.05), and spleen index was changed linearly and quadratically (P<0.05). 3) The serum contents of immune globulin (Ig) G and IgA of broilers at 21 days of age were changed linearly and quadratically followed with the increase of threonine supplementation level (P<0.05), which got the highest level in 0.65% threonine group. The serum IgM content in 0.24% and 0.65% threonine groups were significantly higher than those in the other groups at 21 days of age (P<0.05). Followed by the increase of threonine supplementation level, the serum content of IgG was changed quadratically (P<0.05), which got the control group level in 0.65% threonine groups at 42 days of age. 4) Compared with the control group, the supplementation of threonine significantly increased the serum contents of triiodothyronine, thyroxine, insulin, adiponectin, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-1 and ghrelin (P<0.05), but significantly decreased the content of leptin in serum of broilers at 21 and 42 days of age (P<0.05), linearly and quadratically (P<0.05). 5) Compared with the control group, 0.24% threonine supplementation significantly increased the jejunum villus height (VH) at 21 days of age and villus height to crypt depth ratio (V/C) in duodenum and jejunum at 42 days of age (P<0.05), but significantly decreased ileum V/C at 21 days of age and crypt depth (CD) in duodenum and jejunum at 42 days of age (P<0.05). The jejunum VH at 42 days of age in 0.65% threonine group was significantly higher than that in the other three groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, supplementation threonine in basal diet influences the growth performance, immune function, glucose-lipid metabolism and intestinal morphological development of broilers. Integrated the results of growth performance and immune function of broilers during 1 to 42 days of age, the suitable supplementation level of threonine in the basal diet of broilers is 0.24%.

Cite this article

FU Chunyan , WANG Wenbin , LI Xia , YAN Peipei , DONG Yilei , YAN Lei , HUANG He , ZHU Yingbo , WEI Xiangfa , SHI Tianhong , LIU Xuelan . Effects of Dietary Threonine Levels on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indices, Immune Organ Indexes and Intestinal Morphological Development of Broilers[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2022 , 34(7) : 4249 -4260 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.07.017

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