Effects of Feeding Rumen Protected Melatonin on Contents of Melatonin, Its Synthetic Precursors and Metabolites, Melatonin Synthase Activity in Milk and Performance of Holstein Dairy Cows

GAO Weixing; MA Hui; YANG Minna; PENG Shuyu; QU Jiachen; QU Yongli

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.07.034

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 7: 4438 - 4451

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.07.034

RESEARCH PAPER

Effects of Feeding Rumen Protected Melatonin on Contents of Melatonin, Its Synthetic Precursors and Metabolites, Melatonin Synthase Activity in Milk and Performance of Holstein Dairy Cows

GAO Weixing ,
MA Hui ,
YANG Minna ,
PENG Shuyu ,
QU Jiachen ,
QU Yongli

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1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China;
2. Beijing Shounong Animal Husbandry Development Co., Ltd., Beijing 100076, China

Received date: 2022-01-08

Online published: 2022-07-14

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Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of rumen protected melatonin (RPMT) on contents of melatonin (MT), its synthetic precursors and metabolites, MT synthase activity in milk and performance of Holstein dairy cows. Thirty-two healthy Holstein dairy cows with 1 to 4 parities and lactation days less than 200 days were randomly divided into 4 groups, including control group, test groupⅠ, test group Ⅱ and test group Ⅲ, with 8 cows in each group. The control group was fed a normal total mixed diet (TMR), and the test groups were fed 140, 160 and 180 mg RPMT on the basis of the control group for one day one cow. Each additive was orally fed at 14:00 every day, respectively. The experiment lasted for 32 days, including the day 0 was one day before feeding, the days 1 to 28 was feeding period, and the days 29 to 31 was three days after stopping feeding. Milking 3 times a day, 06:00, 13:00 and 21:00, respectively. The sampling time of Dairy Herd Improvement (DHI) was 0, 14 and 29 days, and the sampling time of milk samples for MT content and other indexes was 0, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 29 and 31 days. The results showed as follows:1) the milk fat rate in test group Ⅰ at 06:00 was significantly higher than that in control group and test group Ⅲ (P<0.05); the lactose rate at 13:00 and 21:00 in test group Ⅱ and test group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05), and the milk fat rate at 13:00 was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). Meanwhile, milk somatic cell count (SCC) in test group Ⅱ and test group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that in test group Ⅰ at 06:00 and 21:00 (P<0.05) and that was significantly higher than that in the control group at 13:00 (P<0.05). At 06:00, time had extremely significant effect on lactose rate (P<0.01), at 13:00, milk fat rate had significant effect (P<0.05), group and time had significant interaction effect on lactose rate (P<0.05). At 21:00, time had no significant effect on the above indexes (P>0.05), and group and time had no significant interaction effect (P>0.05). 2) The milk yield in test group Ⅲ at 06:00, 13:00 and 21:00 was significantly higher than that in control group and test group Ⅰ and test group Ⅱ (except 06:00), but time had no significant effect on milk yield (P>0.05), and there was no significant interaction between group and time (P>0.05). 3) The activities of glutathione catalase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in milk in experimental groups at 06:00, 13:00 and 21:00 were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.01), while milk indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity in test group Ⅲ at 21:00 was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05) and extremely significantly higher than that test group Ⅰ (P<0.01). At 06:00 and 13:00, time had extremely significant effects on GSH-Px and SOD activities in milk (P<0.01). At 21:00, time had extremely significant effects on the activities of GSH-Px, SOD and IDO in milk (P<0.01), group and time also had extremely significant interaction effects on the activities of IDO in milk (P<0.01). 4) At 06:00, 13:00, there were no significant differences in the contents of MT, 6-hydroxy-melatonin (6-OH-MT) and the activities of 5-hydroxytryptamine-N-acetyltransferase (SNAT), caffeine-o-methyl transferase (COMT) and N-acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine-methyltransferase (ASMT) in milk among groups (P>0.05), while the contents of MT, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), 6-OH-MT and the activities of SNAT, COMT and ASMT in milk in test groups at 21:00 were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.01). The content of 6-OH-MT in milk was significantly affected by time at 06:00 (P<0.01), and the SNAT activity was significantly affected by time at 06:00 and 13:00 (P<0.05). At 21:00, time had extremely significant effects on the contents of MT, 5-HT and 6-OH-MT and the activities of SNAT, COMT and ASMT (P<0.01), group and time had extremely significant interaction effects on the contents of MT and 5-HT in milk (P<0.01). There were significant interaction effects on 6-OH-MT content and activities of SNAT, COMT and ASMT in milk (P<0.05). The results indicate that RPMT feeding for Holstein dairy cows can improve milk fat rate and lactose rate in milk, and the higher the RPMT feeding amount is, the higher the milk yield is, the lower the SCC is. Providing exogenous RPMT to Holstein dairy cows during lactation can improve antioxidant capacity and increase MT synthesis in milk. Meanwhile, the contents of precursor of MT synthesis and 6-OH-MT metabolite and MT synthase activity in milk will change with MT content, that is, MT synthesis and metabolism have synchronization.

Key words： dairy cows; melatonin; rumen protected melatonin; melatonin synthase; performance

Cite this article

GAO Weixing , MA Hui , YANG Minna , PENG Shuyu , QU Jiachen , QU Yongli . Effects of Feeding Rumen Protected Melatonin on Contents of Melatonin, Its Synthetic Precursors and Metabolites, Melatonin Synthase Activity in Milk and Performance of Holstein Dairy Cows[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2022 , 34(7) : 4438 -4451 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.07.034

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