Study on Growth and Development and Deposition Rule of Intramuscular Fat of Grazing Yaks at Different Ages

BAI Qin; ZHANG Xiangfei; LUO Xiaolin; GUAN Jiuqiang; AN Tianwu; ZHAO Hongwen; LI Huade; ZHOU Jianxu; ZHU Youjun; XIE Rongqing; HUANG Yanling

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.08.036

Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition >

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 8: 5126 - 5135

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.08.036

RESEARCH PAPER

Study on Growth and Development and Deposition Rule of Intramuscular Fat of Grazing Yaks at Different Ages

BAI Qin ,
ZHANG Xiangfei ,
LUO Xiaolin ,
GUAN Jiuqiang ,
AN Tianwu ,
ZHAO Hongwen ,
LI Huade ,
ZHOU Jianxu ,
ZHU Youjun ,
XIE Rongqing ,
HUANG Yanling

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1. College of Animal and Veterinary Science, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China;
2. Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu 611731, China;
3. Xiaojin County Science and Technology and Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Water Affairs Bureau, Xiaojin 624200, China

Received date: 2022-02-24

Online published: 2022-08-11

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Abstract

The purpose of this experiment was to study the growth and development, hormone secretion, muscle quality and intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition rule of grazing yaks at different ages. In the experiment, six healthy Maiwa male yaks at different ages (0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 years old) were selected in the same pasture. Jugular vein blood was collected before morning grazing, and samples of longissimus dorsi muscle were collected after slaughter. The results showed that the body weight of yak increased significantly with age (P<0.05). Serum urea nitrogen (UN) content of yaks at 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 years old was significantly higher than that of yaks at 0.5 years old (P<0.05), and serum cholesterol (CHO) content showed a similar trend. Serum insulin (INS) level of yaks at 4.5 years old was significantly higher than that of yaks at 0.5, 1.5 and 2.5 years old (P<0.05); serum leptin (LEP) level of yaks at 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 years old was significantly higher than that of yaks at 0.5 years old (P<0.05); serum glucagon (GLN) and resistin (RETN) levels of yaks at 3.5 and 4.5 years old were significantly lower than those of yaks at 1.5 years old (P<0.05); serum insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ) level of yaks at 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 years old was significantly lower than that of yaks at 0.5 and 1.5 years old (P<0.05). The muscle shear force of yaks increased gradually with age, and yaks at 0.5 and 1.5 years old was significantly lower than yaks at 4.5 years old (P<0.05). The content of IMF increased gradually with age, and the IMF content of yaks at 4.5 years old was significantly higher than yaks at 0.5, 1.5 and 2.5 years old (P<0.05). Among the key enzymes of muscle fat anabolism, the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) activity of yaks at 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 years old was significantly higher than yaks at 0.5 years old (P<0.05); the diacylglycerol-O-acyltransferases-1 (DGAT-1) activity of yaks at 3.5 and 4.5 years old was significantly higher than that of yaks at 0.5 and 1.5 years old (P<0.05); the lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity of yaks at 4.5 years old was significantly higher than that of yaks at 0.5 and 1.5 years old (P<0.05); there were no significant differences in the activities of fatty acid synthetase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) among yaks at different ages (P>0.05). Among the key enzymes of muscle fat catabolism, the hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) activity was decreased with age, and yaks at 1.5 years old was significantly higher than yaks at 3.5 years old (P<0.05), while there were no significant changes in the activities of acyl-CoA oxidase (ACOX) and carnitine palmitoyl transferase-Ⅰ (CPT-Ⅰ) (P>0.05). To sum up, along with the growth of yaks, the promoted fat synthesis and suppressed lipolysis, which consequently result in IMF deposition, may be through the regulation of energy metabolism-related hormones and key enzymes of lipid metabolism. The vigorous period of IMF deposition in yaks is at the age of 3.5 to 4.5 years old.

Key words： age; hormone level; meat quality; intramuscular fat; yaks

Cite this article

BAI Qin , ZHANG Xiangfei , LUO Xiaolin , GUAN Jiuqiang , AN Tianwu , ZHAO Hongwen , LI Huade , ZHOU Jianxu , ZHU Youjun , XIE Rongqing , HUANG Yanling . Study on Growth and Development and Deposition Rule of Intramuscular Fat of Grazing Yaks at Different Ages[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2022 , 34(8) : 5126 -5135 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.08.036

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